课程文献中心 更多>>

关键词： Cancer diagnosis   Clinical AI deployment   Histopathology   Vision Transformers  

摘要： Accurate and timely cancer diagnosis from histopathological slides is vital for effective clinical decision-making. This paper introduces DepViT-CAD, a deployable AI system for multi-class cancer diagnosis in histopathology. At its core is MAViT, a new Multi-Attention Vision Transformer designed to capture fine-grained morphological patterns across diverse tumor types. MAViT was trained and evaluated on expert-annotated patches from 1283 Whole-Slide Images (comprising 1008 training cases, 139 validation cases, and 275 test cases), covering 11 diagnostic categories, including 10 major cancers and non-tumor tissue. DepViT-CAD was indeed validated on two independent test cohorts: 275 WSIs from The Cancer Genome Atlas and 50 routine clinical cases from pathology labs, achieving diagnostic sensitivities of 94.11% and 92%, respectively. By combining state-of-the-art transformer architecture with large-scale real-world validation, DepViT-CAD offers a robust and scalable approach for AI-assisted cancer diagnostics. To support transparency and reproducibility, software and code will be made publicly available at GitHub.

关键词： Social rejection   Ostracism   Cortisol   O-Cam  

摘要：

• •
  Experimentally induced social rejection increased negative affect and need threat.
• •
  Sex significantly moderated effects on salivary cortisol.
• •
  Women showed higher cortisol after rejection than after social inclusion.
• •
  Men showed similar cortisol increases regardless of experimental condition.
• •
  Findings highlight sex-related patterns in biological responses to rejection.

关键词： 废旧纺织品   剥色处理   纤维含量   实验  

摘要： 随着生活水平提升和消费观念转变，纺织品更新换代加速，导致废旧纺织品产生量剧增。废旧纺织品的处理关乎资源回收、环境保护及产业可持续发展。其中，剥色性能作为再利用的关键因素，直接影响产品的外观质量和耐用性，深入研究其机理具有重要的理论与应用价值。在纺织行业中，纤维成分的精准定量分析对质量控制、成本核算及合规性至关重要，而剥色技术在此类实验中发挥了关键作用。本研究系统探讨废旧纺织品的剥色处理方法及其在纤维含量定量分析中的应用，揭示剥色技术对实验结果的优化机制。

关键词： CAD-CAM fabricated restorations   Composite restoration   Dental restoration failure   Molar incisor hypomineralization  

摘要：

• •
  Successful approach for MIH-affected molar teeth with CAD-CAM supported restorations.
• •
  Recommendation of restoring MIH-affected molar teeth with resin nanoceramic blocks by computer-aided manufacturing.
• •
  Acceptable clinical success after pretreatment of the enamel surface with sodium hypochlorite.
• •
  Insufficient adhesion of deproteinization than digital systems for MIH-affected molar teeth.

关键词： Dental materials   Chairside   CAD/CAM   Glass ceramics   Zirconia  

摘要： Chairside CAD/CAM technology enables the fabrication of permanent fixed restorations during a single clinical visit, eliminating the necessary for temporary restorations and multiple appointments. This technology is widely applied in dental restorations, including inlays, onlays, veneers, crowns, and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs). However, reducing treatment time without compromising mechanical and aesthetic properties remains an unresolved dilemma. Given minimally invasive dentistry requirements, the contemporary dental market provides clinicians with an extensive array of chairside CAD/CAM ceramic material options, presenting significant challenges in selecting the most clinically appropriate restorative materials. The main classifications of chairside CAD/CAM materials include feldspathic ceramics, leucite-reinforced ceramics, lithium disilicate ceramics, zirconia-reinforced lithium silicates, resin nanoceramics, polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network and zirconia. Glass ceramics offer excellent aesthetics and high adhesive bond strength, although their mechanical properties require further enhancement. Polycrystalline ceramics exhibit exceptional mechanical performance, while their rapid sintering techniques necessitate further development to optimize processing efficiency. Resin-based ceramics provide clinical advantages in adjustability and reduced antagonist wear, yet their application scope remains limited in restorative dentistry. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an up-to-date overview of chairside CAD/CAM materials used in restorative dentistry, focusing on their classification, mechanical and aesthetic properties, as well as advantages and limitations for different clinical applications.

关键词： Madden–julian oscillation   General circulation model   Cumulus parameterization scheme   Convective adjustment timescale  

摘要： Previous studies have shown that simulating the Madden–Julian Oscillation(MJO)in general circulation models(GCMs)can be greatly improved by adjusting the convective adjustment timescale(tau),a parameter related to deep convection.However,the findings have been inconsistent,leaving the precise impact of this parameter unclear.To address this issue,the authors used Community Atmosphere Model version 6(CAM6)to conduct sensitivity experiments involving different tau values and compare the associated MJO simulation skill.Unlike prior studies,the authors adjusted the tau values with a finer increment and assessed the MJO simulation skill more comprehensively.The results clearly demonstrate that larger tau values generally enhance MJO simulation skill,particularly for tau greater than two hours.This skill enhancement is primarily attributable to an increase in boundary layer(BL)moisture.A larger tau value suppresses convective precipitation,allowing more moisture to accumulate in the BL.This leads to larger intraseasonal moisture perturbations within the BL,which is crucial for MJO development and propagation.These findings provide a deeper understanding of how sensitive MJO simulations are to tau in GCMs and offer valuable insights for the development of future models aimed at improving MJO prediction.

关键词： Latin America photochemistry   Photobiology   Soil water content   Photosynthesis   Chlorophyll fluorescence  

摘要： Soil water availability strongly constrains photosynthetic performance, and the moisture ranges that optimize PSII efficiency and energy partitioning may differ among photosynthetic types. Here, we used chlorophyll fluorescence analysis to identify soil moisture intervals that maximize photochemical performance and minimize stress-induced energy dissipation in representative C3, C4, and CAM species. Maximum PSII efficiency (Fv/Fm), effective quantum yield (ΦPSII), regulated non-photochemical quenching (ΦNPQ), constitutive dissipation (ΦC), and OJIP-derived flux parameters were evaluated across a gradient of soil water content.

关键词： Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies   Dermatomyositis   Polymyositis   Antisynthetase syndrome   Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy   Overlap myositis   Mortality   ANA   Antinuclear antibodies   ASS   DM   CAM   Cancer associated myositis   DLCO   Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide   FVC   Forced Vital Capacity   HRCT   High Resolution Computed Tomography   IBM   Inclusion Body Myositis   ICD-10   International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision   IIM   Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies   IMNM   ILD   Interstitial Lung Disease   JDM   Juvenile Dermatomyositis   MRI   Magnetic Resonance Imaging   PAH   Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension   PM   OM  

摘要： The aim of our study is to compare mortality rates, causes of death and associated risk factors for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) and their various subtypes in a hospital-based cohort, specially IMNM (immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy).

关键词： CAD/CAM   Mandibular condyle   Mandibular reconstruction   Temporomandibular joint  

摘要： Condylar reconstruction and replacement with alloplastic materials have gained increasing surgical interest due to their critical role in restoring mandibular function. This study aimed to evaluate clinical outcomes and long-term complications in patients undergoing computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) condylar reconstruction following mandibular resection–disarticulation.

关键词： Refrigerated truck   Condenser heat exchanger   Airflow organization   Numerical simulation   Structural optimization   Abbreviation   Full term   3D   Three-dimensional   CAD   Computer-aided design   CFD   Computational fluid dynamics   DES   Detached eddy simulation   LES   Large eddy simulation   MPC   Model predictive control   PCM   Phase change material   RANS   Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes   SST   Shear-stress transport   URANS   Unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes   K-ε   k-epsilon turbulence model   K-ω   k-omega turbulence model  

摘要：

• •
  A CFD model was developed for the external condenser heat exchanger of refrigerated trucks.
• •
  The effects of fan layout, lower opening, baffle length, fan speed, and inlet temperature were investigated.
• •
  A top-mounted fan with a lower opening and flow-deflecting baffle improved inlet airflow organization.
• •
  A baffle length of 150–170 mm provided a balanced improvement in velocity, temperature, and installation feasibility.
• •
  Fan speeds above 4000 r/min showed limited additional thermal improvement, indicating diminishing returns.