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关键词： MINS   Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery   eGFR   Estimated glomerular filtration rate   CHF   Congestive heart failure   PAD   Peripheral artery disease   CAD   Coronary artery diseas  

摘要： Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) of the relationships between variables DAGs modeling associations between major bleeding, MINS, and death. In Fig. 2.A, major bleeding is related to MINS and mortality and should be adjusted for as a confounder. In Fig...

摘要： Risk stratification in patients with known coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a clinical challenge, especially in asymptomatic individuals. While stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has strong prognostic value, current models do not fully exploit the richness of available clinical and imaging data. Machine learning (ML) offers an opportunity to optimize prediction by capturing complex patterns in high-dimensional datasets.

关键词： artificial intelligence   CAD4TB   household contacts   tuberculosis   Xpert MTB/RIF  

摘要： Background Tuberculosis remains the leading cause of death by a single infectious agent globally, with Ethiopia among the highest tuberculosis- and human immunodeficiency virus/tuberculosis-burden countries. Diagnostic gaps-particularly among household contacts (HHCs) unable to expectorate-hinder early case detection. Computer-aided detection software for chest radiography and nonrespiratory molecular assays, such as stool-based Xpert MTB/RIF testing, represent promising strategies for scalable *** We conducted a prospective diagnostic accuracy study at St Luke Catholic Hospital, Oromia, Ethiopia, enrolling 478 participants (152 tuberculosis index patients and 326 HHCs). All HHCs >= 4 years underwent digital chest radiographic screening, with or without CAD4TB (Delft Imaging) software assistance, and provided stool and sputum samples for Xpert MTB/RIF testing. The accuracy of CAD4TB and stool Xpert testing was evaluated against sputum Xpert testing as the *** CAD4TB showed strong diagnostic performance, with a sensitivity of 0.77 (95% confidence interval, .70-.83) and specificity of 0.93 (.90-.96). Performance was higher among adults (sensitivity and specificity, 0.79 and 0.94) than in children (0.64 and 0.92). Stool and sputum Xpert testing demonstrated high concordance (Cohen's kappa = 0.76), with a sensitivity of 0.77 (95% confidence interval, .70-.84) and specificity of 0.97 (.93-.99). During the study, 10.6% of HHCs (34 of 321) were newly diagnosed microbiologically with *** The combined use of CAD4TB and stool Xpert testing significantly improves tuberculosis detection, particularly among HHCs in high-burden, low-resource settings. This strategy is especially valuable in children and adults unable to produce sputum and where radiological expertise is limited.

关键词： Carnivorous plants   crassulacean acid metabolism   facultative CAM   heterophylly   Pinguicula   titratable acidity  

摘要： Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a photosynthetic adaptation enabling higher CO2 concentration close to Rubisco and increased water use efficiency. It evolved in at least 38 plant families, none reported to be carnivorous. Here, we investigate CAM activity in the carnivorous genus Pinguicula, so far reported as C3, with succulent leaves and distributed mainly in Central America. Eight species of Pinguicula, most with seasonal heterophylly, were cultivated under controlled conditions and monitored for changes in diel acidification (Delta H+) when grown with abundant or limited water availability. Additionally, leaf anatomy and gas exchange were studied in representative species. In the winter trial, five species had positive and significant Delta H+ 1 week after withholding water (P. agnata, P. esseriana, P. gigantea, P. laxifolia and P. moranensis). Delta H+ levels were in the range previously reported in weak, facultative CAM plants (15-30 mu mol H+ g-1 FW). The summer trial revealed positive Delta H+ for most species tested, regardless of water availability. Three of the homophyllous species had an unclear pattern of CAM induction (P. emarginata, P. martinezii) or no CAM induction (P. grandiflora). Gas exchange in P. agnata found no dark CO2 assimilation, suggesting CAM cycling. We present the first report of CAM in a carnivorous plant, reinforcing the need to search for CAM in other families. Future work should assess reversibility of the C3-CAM transition, explore the interplay between nutrient and carbon balance, and the contribution of weak CAM to plant fitness.

关键词： 光催化   功能性纺织品   抗菌   TiO2  

摘要： TiO2基纳米材料凭借其在自清洁、抗菌及紫外防护等领域的独特优势而备受关注。文章对TiO2基纳米材料的制备方法，包括水热法和溶胶凝胶法等进行概述，阐述了该类材料赋予纺织品自清洁、抗菌活性、紫外线防护等功能的作用机理和实际应用，为TiO2基功能性纺织品设计和开发提供理论支撑，同时针对目前TiO2功能化纺织品在涂层耐用性与生物安全性等方面存在的挑战进行分析，以期为开发高效多功能纺织品提供理论参考。

关键词： 土地利用   ResNet50   卷积块注意力模块(CBAM)   自动混合精度(AMP)   图像分类   卷积神经网络(CNN)  

摘要： 在土地利用类型图像分类领域，传统分类方法在特征提取准确性与分类精度方面存在局限性，难以满足实际应用需求。本文以ResNet50为核心架构，引入卷积块注意力模块(convolutional block attention module,CBAM)，强化特征提取，并采用自动混合精度(automatic mixed precision,AMP)技术提高计算效率，构建了CAM-ResNet网络。实验结果显示，CAM-ResNet网络的总体精度达98.19%，较原网络高出10.16个百分点。消融实验进一步证明，CBAM注意力机制显著增强了模型的特征提取能力，AMP训练技术提高了模型的收敛速度，CAM-ResNet网络在土地利用类型遥感图像分类中具有一定的有效性和优越性。

关键词： 零部件测绘   CAD成图   职业教育   实践教学  

摘要： 制造业是我国国民经济的支柱产业，提高制造业创新能力，需要一大批熟悉零部件测绘与CAD成图技术的现代工匠型专业技能人才。文章立足于赛项的结构特征与能力要求，探讨其对实践教学在课程内容、教学组织与评价机制等多个维度的结构性启示。分析发现，该赛项能够显著推动任务导向模块化教学、能力导向教学路径再设计及综合素质评价机制的重构。进一步，从教学系统结构重建、教师授课模式转型、校企平台机制搭建三个方面提出具体的教学实践建议，力求为构建更加贴近产业需求、服务学生能力成长的实践教学体系提供有效支撑。

关键词： In-Sn-20Cu钎料   Cu颗粒   热循环   剪切性能  

摘要： 采用Cu颗粒复合钎料In-Sn-20Cu制备了Cu/In-Sn-20Cu/Cu焊点，研究了-20～120℃热循环对Cu/In-Sn-20Cu/Cu焊点显微组织和剪切性能的影响。分析了热循环过程中焊点界面反应区金属间化合物（Intermetallic compound,IMC）的生长、原位反应区IMC的演化以及剪切性能的变化，阐述了焊点断口的形貌特征。结果表明：随热循环周次的增加，焊点界面IMC厚度持续增长，界面反应区的主要成分为Cu3（In,Sn）相。在200～400次热循环中，焊点原位反应区灰色岛屿状Cu3（In,Sn）相数量增多，同时原位反应区出现孔洞。600次热循环后，Cu3（In,Sn）相体积增大，孔洞增多。800次和1000次热循环后，出现Cu3（In,Sn）相剥落和大规模孔洞。随着热循环周次的增加，Cu/In-Sn-20Cu/Cu焊点的剪切性能逐渐下降。未经热循环试验的焊点剪切强度为28.8 MPa，经400次热循环后下降了23.2%，至22.1MPa。1000次热循环后，剪切强度最低，为12.4 MPa，相比初始值下降了56.9%。焊点断裂模式由韧性断裂转变为脆性断裂。

摘要： 在纺织行业整体承压调整的背景下，过滤与分离用纺织品产业逆势增长，2025年产值预计超220亿元，同比增长超5.5%，呈现“稳中有进、结构优化”的高质量发展态势。作为支撑工业减污降碳与绿色转型的关键配套产业，其技术创新与结构升级正为“双碳”目标与美丽中国建设注入持续动力。2025年12月15—16日，中国产业用纺织品行业协会过滤与分离用纺织品分会2025年年会暨中国（阜宁）环保新材料技术交流会、2025阜宁环保滤料产业推介会、中产协过滤与分离用纺织品分会副会长扩大会等系列活动在江苏阜宁举行，全国滤料产业链上下游相关单位及阜宁相关政府部门、产业集群企业代表等300余人参加会议。中国纺织工业联合会副会长李陵申，中国工程院院士、天津科技大学教授程博闻，中国产业用纺织品行业协会会长李桂梅等出席会议。

关键词： 咖啡炭纤维   针织物   性能测试   服装设计  

摘要： 咖啡炭纤维针织物是一种兼具抗菌性、环保性、保暖性的功能性纤维针织物。按照不同的咖啡炭纤维掺量制备了咖啡炭纤维针织物，并对针织物的性能进行对比分析。结果表明：咖啡炭纤维质量分数75%、1+2假螺纹结构的针织物的综合性能最佳。以该针织物设计加工而成的运动服相比于传统的锦纶运动服而言，在延缓人体运动疲劳方面具有显著优势。