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摘要： Clasp-retained removable partial dentures, which are selected to avoid invasive dental implant placement surgery and the challenges of cleaning around fixed dental prostheses, remain a common option for replacing missing teeth. However, the clasps are visually unappealing, and patients demand more esthetic treatment options. Telescopic crowns, a more esthetic alternative to clasp-retained removable partial dentures, allow for better oral hygiene maintenance. This case report describes a combination of telescopic crowns and a CAD/CAM-fabricated zirconia removable dental prosthesis. This technique offers an esthetic and minimally invasive solution for patients seeking to restore their smiles and maintain better oral hygiene.

关键词： Dissection   vessel   single   multiple   extracranial  

摘要： Introduction Cervical arterial dissections (CeAD) can involve either single (sCeAD) or multiple (mCeAD) arteries. Whether the involvement of a single versus multiple arteries is associated with outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to study associations between the number of affected arteries and clinical, imaging and outcome parameters. Patients and methods Patients with CeAD from the STOP-CAD multicenter registry study were included. Clinical, imaging, treatment and outcome parameters were compared between patients with sCeAD and mCeAD. Regression analyses were performed to identify associations with multi-arteries involvement. Results Overall, 3858 STOP-CAD patients were included in this analysis and 443 (11.5%) had mCeAD. The presence of mCeAD was associated with age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] 0.99;(0.98-1.00)), female sex (aOR 1.5;95% CI 1.17-1.91), recent upper respiratory infection (aOR 2.25;95% CI 1.55-3.27), presence of connective tissue disease (aOR 3.11;95% CI 2.32-4.17), severe arterial stenosis (aOR 1.95;95% CI 1.95-2.58), intracranial extension (aOR 1.47;95% CI 1.04-2.09), vertebral artery involvement (aOR 2.50;95% CI 1.94-3.22) and presence of dissecting aneurysm (aOR 2.59;95% CI 1.95-3.42). In adjusted analyses, mCeAD was not associated with clinical outcomes (ischemic stroke, mortality, and sICH;all p > 0.05). Conclusions mCeAD does not appear to increase risk of subsequent stroke as compared to sCAD despite baseline risk factors suggestive of vasculopathy. mCeAD patients who did develop a stroke presented with milder strokes and less often had vessel occlusions compared to those with sCeAD. The presence of mCeAD did not impact outcomes.

关键词： Osteoarthritis   Cohort Studies   Hip  

摘要： Objective To assess the relationship between cam morphology and the development of radiographic hip osteoarthritis (RHOA), overall and in subgroups based on age, biological sex and body mass index (BMI).Methods Hips with no RHOA at baseline and with available follow-up during 4-8 years were selected from the Worldwide Collaboration on Osteoarthritis PrediCtion for the Hip (World COACH) consortium. Alpha angles were uniformly measured on anteroposterior radiographs, with a threshold of 60 degrees used to define cam morphology. Incident RHOA was defined as the transition from an RHOA-free state at baseline to definite diagnosis of RHOA at follow-up. The association between baseline cam morphology and the development of RHOA was assessed using a three-level mixed-effects logistic regression model, accounting for hip side, individual and cohort-level *** A total of 23 886 hips were included (mean age: 62.2 +/- 8.4 years;70.6% female;BMI: 27.4 +/- 4.5;mean time to follow-up: 6.1 +/- 3.0 years). Cam morphology was associated with RHOA (OR: 1.87, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.59), as was a greater alpha angle (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.03 for every degree increase). The overall relative risk of developing RHOA in hips with cam morphology was 1.62 (95%CI 1.26 to 2.07), greatest for those aged 51-60 years (2.15, 95% CI 1.55 to 2.98) and higher in males (2.50, 95% CI 1.67 to 3.73), compared with females (1.75,95% CI 1.24 to 2.48).Conclusion Hips with cam morphology have higher odds of developing RHOA within 4-8 years compared with hips without cam morphology. The relative risk was highest in subgroups of participants aged 51-60 years and in males, making cam morphology a potential target for primary or secondary prevention of RHOA.

关键词： critical audit matters   financial reporting risk   industry norm   social tie  

摘要： In this study, we experimentally examine the effects of the critical audit matter (CAM) industry norm and auditor-CEO social tie on investors' financial reporting risk (FRR) assessments. Using online participants, we find that non-professional investors assess the lowest FRR when the CAM is consistent with the industry norm and the auditor-CEO social tie is absent than when the CAM is inconsistent with the industry norm or when the auditor-CEO social tie is present. Our findings also suggest that the presence of social tie negatively affects investors' investment interests, lowers their perceptions toward audit quality and the auditor, and increases auditor liability for a CAM-related misstatement. Moreover, we find that a norm-consistent CAM leads to better investment decisions, higher reliance on audit reports, but also higher perceived management liability for a CAM-related misstatement. The findings of our study can be informative to management and auditors, as well as regulators.

关键词： Marginal gap   Internal gap   Lithium disilicate glass ceramic   Silicone replica technique  

摘要： This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the internal and marginal adaptation of crowns produced from partially crystallized and fully crystallized lithium disilicate CAD-CAM blocks using direct view and the silicone replica method. The mandibular first molar was used as an abutment. A total of twenty crowns (n = 10) were produced using milling CAD-CAM. The direct viewing technique was used to measure the marginal gap. The measurement of internal adaptation was conducted using the silicone replica technique. Following the subsequent glazing procedure, all crowns underwent another round of measurements. The paired samples t-test was used to compare two related continuous variables. The study revealed that the mean value of the marginal gap of the partially crystallized block is significantly higher than the fully crystallized block both before and after the glazing process. A statistically significant difference was found before and after glazing of the partially crystallized block in the marginal gap values. The fully crystallized crowns showed better marginal gap values than the partially crystallized ones. No change was observed before and after the glaze in the fully crystallized block. The recommended limit of 120 mu m for the marginal gap of lithium disilicate CAD-CAM crowns was never exceeded.

关键词： B-Rep generation   graph diffusion   generative CAD  

摘要： Direct B-Rep generation is increasingly important in Computer-Aided Design (CAD) workflows, eliminating costly modeling sequence data and enabling the creation of complex features. A key challenge is modeling the joint distribution of the misaligned geometry and topology. Existing methods tend to implicitly embed topology into the geometric features of edges. Although this integration ensures feature alignment, it also causes edge geometry to carry more redundant structural information compared to the original B-Rep, leading to significantly higher computational cost. For efficient generation, GraphBRep, a B-Rep generation model that explicitly represents and learns compact topology, is proposed. Based on the original B-Rep structure, an undirected weighted graph is constructed to represent the surface topology. A graph diffusion model is employed to learn topology conditioned on surface features, serving as the basis for determining connectivity between primitive surfaces. The explicit representation ensures a compact data structure, effectively reducing computational cost during both training and inference. Experiments on two large-scale unconditional datasets and one category-conditional dataset demonstrate that the proposed method significantly reduces training and inference times (up to 30.82% and 56.3% for given datasets, respectively) while maintaining high-quality CAD generation compared with SOTA.

摘要： Purpose: To assess the impact of toothbrushing and thermocycling on color, opalescence, fluorescence, and surface of extrinsically stained CAD/CAM ceramics. Materials and Methods: Specimens (n = 20) of VITA Mark II (VBII), VITA Suprinity (SUP), and IPS *** ZirCAD (ZIR) were stained and glazed, then divided into two groups based on dentifrice (n =10;conventional or whitening). Aging was simulated via 100,000 toothbrushing cycles followed by 12,000 cycles of thermocycling. Color differences (AE00) and opalescence were calculated. Images under ultraviolet (UV) lamp were obtained for fluorescence analysis. Surface roughness was analyzed using 3D laser confocal microscopy, and chemical elemental characterization was determined using energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (XEDS). Statistical analyses (a = .05) included two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests for AE00 and three-way ANOVAs with Sidak post hoc test for opalescence, fluorescence, and surface roughness. AE00 values were compared to perceptibility and acceptability thresholds. Results: Higher AE00 were observed for VBII in the whitening group and SUP in the conventional group. All AE00 values remained below perceptibility. ZIR exhibited the lowest opalescence and fluorescence before and after aging. SUP and ZIR showed a significant reduction but continued to exhibit fluorescence after aging. VBII whitening and SUP conventional exhibited increased roughness. XEDS indicated that extrinsic characterization persisted on the surface with subtle changes in elemental composition after aging. Conclusions: The findings suggest that toothbrushing with different dentifrices and thermocycling can impact the esthetic outcome and surface of stained CAD/CAM ceramics. Despite these, the materials evaluated maintained color stability and resisted the proposed aging. Int J Prosthodont 2026;39:78-88. doi: 10.11607/ijp.9231

关键词： 3D printing   CAD   alginate   phantom trainer   validity  

摘要： Introduction A realistic phantom created from a three-dimensional (3D)-reconstructed digital patient model would enable researchers to investigate the morphological aspects of the pathological spine, thereby resolving the issue of scarce cadaveric specimens. We designed a patient-specific, human-like, reliable, and cost-effective prototype of the examined pathological spine through open-source editing software analysis, a desktop 3D printer, and alginate material. We aimed to validate that the major surgical steps and anatomy replicated the real surgery as it would be conducted in actual patients. Materials and Methods We cover the fundamental principles and procedures involved in 3D printing, from spine imaging to phantom manufacturing. Three representative simulation cases were included in the study. All phantoms were sequentially evaluated by surgeons for fidelity. Following each surgery, participants were given a survey that included 20 questions regarding the fidelity of the training phantom. Results We validated this simulation model by analyzing neurosurgeons' performance on the phantom trainer. Based on a 20-item survey to test content validity and reliability, there was little variation among participants' ratings, and the feedback was consistently positive. The gross appearance of the phantom was analogous to the cadaveric specimen and the phantoms demonstrated an excellent ability to imitate the intraoperative condition. The plastic material expenditure ranged from 170 to 470 g, and the alginate expenditure was 450 g. The total cost of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) varied from $5.1 to $17.6 ($0.03 per gram of ABS), whereas the total cost of alginate was $14.3. The average cost of our phantoms was approximately $25.7, and the 3D printer used in this study costs approximately $200. Conclusions The basic properties of this phantom were similar to cadaveric tissue during manipulation. We believe our phantoms have the potential to improve skills and mi

关键词： CAD   compound adsorption device   donor medications   pathogen reduction   plasma donation   PRT  

摘要： Background: Blood donor eligibility policies may exclude individuals based on medication use, but the donor health questionnaire may not reliably capture all prescriptions. This study evaluates the capacity of the compound adsorption device (CAD) within the INTERCEPT Blood System Pathogen Reduction Technology (PRT) for plasma to remove exogenous testosterone and high doses of two drugs on the FDA donor deferral list. Study Design and Methods :Plasma was manufactured from male whole blood donors undergoing testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) or whole blood donors with no medication history to be supplemented with supratherapeutic concentrations of apixaban, a common anticoagulant, and escalating doses of emtricitabine and tenofovir (FTC&TFV) to note any saturating effects of removal. Plasma units were treated with INTERCEPT PRT only using the amotosalen and CAD steps without photochemical activation. Quantitative assays analyzed pre- and post-CAD samples. Statistical analysis was performed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test and one-way ANOVA. Results: The CAD reduced the mean free and total testosterone by 75% (pre-CAD 107.4, post-CAD 26.8 pg/mL) and 74% (pre-CAD 352.2, post-CAD 85.7 ng/mL), respectively. Apixaban was removed below the limit of detection (pre-CAD mean 420, post-CAD mean <23 ng/mL). Regardless of the initial dose, FTC&TFV concentrations decreased by 100% and 98%, respectively. Conclusion: The INTERCEPT PRT plasma kit CAD effectively removed multiple drug classes, suggesting a potential role in mitigating drug contamination in transfusable plasma products. These findings may support the reconsideration of some medication-based donor deferrals where the risk-benefit of donor safety and product efficacy favors collection.