课程文献中心 更多>>

关键词： Sarcoma   Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model   Tumor cell-conditioned medium (TCM)   Bio-imaging   Angiogenesis   VEGFA  

摘要： We developed a sensitive bioimaging system for sarcoma by creating a cell line that stably expresses both Katushka2S fluorophore and NanoLuc luciferase, enabling robust dual tracking of tumor growth and metastasis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. NanoLuc luciferase was notably more effective than Katushka2S for identifying tumor cell metastases in embryo tissues. Pretreating CAM with tumor cell-conditioned medium (TCM) significantly increased neovascularization, Ki67 expression, tumor volumes, and metastasis of the most difficult-to-establish low-tumorigenic and low-metastatic U2OS cells, indicating that tumor cell secretome actively alter the CAM vascular environment to aid tumor progression. The bead-based multiplex profiling of the TCM demonstrated a notable increase in pro-angiogenic factors. Neutralizing VEGFA, the most abundant factor in the TCM, effectively counteracted vascular and pro-metastatic effects of TCM. In contrast, elevating VEGFA levels brought back the pro-tumorigenic effects of TCM. This study reveals the importance of tumor cell secretomes in creating the vascular niche in CAM and points to VEGFA as a target to prevent secretome-induced angiogenesis and sarcoma development. Furthermore, our optimized CAM model permits continuous tumor growth and metastasis monitoring in embryonic development, providing a reliable platform for prognostic studies of sarcoma treatments in ongoing anti-angiogenic and multikinase inhibitors trials.

关键词： 3DGS   novel view synthesis   scene reconstruction   dash cam video  

摘要： Recent advancements in 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) have made significant improvements in real-time novel view synthesis and 3D reconstruction. 3DGS has seen significant development in driving scenarios, but existing methods are mainly designed for videos captured by autonomous vehicles. It is not suitable for the complexity and dynamic lighting challenges present in dash cam videos. Despite the progress made by previous work in dealing with reflections and occlusions, the distribution of 3D Gaussian points remains inaccurate due to the inherent complexity of dash cam scenes, causing geometric distortions in the rendered output. Additionally, uncontrolled dynamic illumination exacerbates Gaussian point density anomalies and local geometric distortions. These challenges significantly hinder the development of scene reconstruction techniques based on dash cam videos. To address these challenges, we present RDC-GS, an innovative method featuring a point correction mechanism to eliminate distribution errors of Gaussian points during training, and a brightness-aware illumination technique to enhance detailed representation under dynamic lighting conditions. This approach yields more robust scene reconstruction. Experiments conducted on real dash cam videos demonstrate that our method achieves a 1.5-dB PSNR improvement over current state-of-the-art techniques. Comprehensive experiments validate the efficacy of our approach across challenging scenarios.

关键词： architectural drawings   CAD   deep learning  

摘要： A large number of architectural drawings have historically existed in paper form or as non-editable raster images, which makes them difficult to directly support information reuse and digital management, while manual CAD reconstruction is time-consuming and inefficient. This paper proposes a hybrid deep learning and rule-based method for architectural drawing vectorization and CAD reconstruction, which automatically converts scanned raster images into editable CAD vector files while preserving geometric structure and scale consistency. The proposed method consists of four modules: axis grid and dimension detection, text recognition and scale recovery, architectural line topology reconstruction, and CAD geometric rectification and reconstruction. The method utilizes object detection and OCR technologies to extract key semantic information from the drawings. By extracting semantic information, the method constructs a line topology structure and applies architectural drawing constraints to parameterize and normalize geometric results, thereby achieving the recognition and vectorization of raster drawings. Experimental results and engineering case studies demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively extract typical architectural elements, and generate directly editable CAD vector drawings. The method achieves favorable geometric accuracy and topological consistency in architectural drawing digitization and automatic CAD reconstruction tasks, providing a technical solution for the automatic vectorization of existing architectural drawings.

关键词： 钛合金   循环变形   微织构   滑移机制   位错  

摘要： 为揭示TC4钛合金在循环变形过程中的微观组织演变、位错组态及滑移行为,以探究其变形损伤机制,本工作通过EBSD和TEM等显微分析手段对TC4钛合金展开研究。结果表明,在加载初期,材料快速硬化,微织构区域与周围晶粒的变形不协调导致应变高度集中。随后材料进入准稳态阶段,整体发生塑性累积;受材料织构和加载方向影响,锥面{1011}滑移系以最高Schmid因子激活,主导变形并推动晶粒取向逐步向<1120>方向演化;循环变形过程中α/β相界面处位错增殖并在界面处平行堆积,界面作为位错源与障碍区提高了材料寿命。α/β界面处位错演化与微织构区域应变高度集中的协同作用是TC4合金循环变形损伤的主要机制。

关键词： Ghost convolution   Surgical tool detection   YOLO   SIoU   Attention mechanisms   CBAM   CAM   Minimally invasive surgery   Robot-assisted surgery  

摘要： Accurate and real-time surgical tool detection is essential in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to ensure safe and effective computer-assisted interventions (CAI) and robot-assisted surgery (RAS). However, achieving high accuracy under the strict computational constraints of embedded surgical platforms remains a significant challenge. This article introduces a set of enhanced lightweight You Only Look Once (YOLO)v8 variants specifically tailored for real-time surgical tool localization. The proposed architectures integrate several key innovations: Ghost Convolution for efficient feature extraction, a C2f-Ghost module for compact representation, and the SC3T module, which synergizes Transformer blocks with Spatial Pyramid Pooling. Additionally, attention mechanisms-including the Context Augmentation Module (CAM) and Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM)-are incorporated to refine feature discriminability. Furthermore, the Scylla-Intersection over Union (SIoU) loss is employed to optimize bounding box regression for elongated instruments. Evaluations on the public m2cai16-tool-locations dataset demonstrate that the best variant achieves 95.7% mAP@0.5 while reducing parameters and Giga FLOating-point Operation(s) Per Seconds (GFLOPs) by up to 3 & times;and 1.8 & times;, respectively, compared to the YOLOv8 baseline. These results indicate that our design offers a competitive accuracy-efficiency trade-off, facilitating practical deployment in resource-constrained, real-time surgical systems.

关键词： Genomics   Bioinformatics   Throughput   Heuristic algorithms   Accuracy   Redundancy   Hamming distances   DNA sequencing   Microprocessors   Transistors   Approximate search   content-addressable memory (CAM)   genome analysis   memristors   shifted Hamming distance (SHD)  

摘要： Genome analysis has been critical in various applications, such as infectious disease control. High throughput is an essential requirement for genome analysis in data-intensive scenarios, which requires acceleration by content-addressable memory (CAM) with parallel comparison capability. However, existing genome analysis CAMs still face inadequate throughput issues due to large cell area, excessive array storage redundancy, and inefficient comparison algorithms. To address these issues, we propose a high-throughput dynamic shifted Hamming distance (SHD) resistive random access memory (RRAM)-based CAM (DSHD-CAM) that leverages the characteristics of genome analysis. First, we propose a compact RRAM-based CAM cell utilizing one-hot encoding and time-domain computation to minimize cell area. Second, we propose a dense CAM array utilizing an efficient storage scheme to reduce array storage redundancy. Third, we propose a dynamic SHD search algorithm filtering out low-match-potential cases to reduce search latency. Compared to the state-of-the-art (SOTA), DSHD-CAM achieves an average of 7.58 & times;higher throughput under the same area constraints while maintaining competitive sensitivity and precision.

关键词： adipose tissue   CAD   cellular senescence   immune infiltration   myocardial infarction  

摘要： Background After coronary artery disease (CAD)-related myocardial injury, reactivation of the epicardium results in cardiac remodeling via paracrine secretion. However, the senescence-related genomic signature that reflects epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and immune infiltration is not well *** Adipocyte-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in EAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) from patients with and without CAD. Immune cells and senescence-related DEGs in EATs were identified. A protein-protein interaction network was used to determine the hub genes. To validate these genes, a Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset investigation, single cell sequencing analysis and the validation of human sub-epicardial adipose and blood samples were performed. To investigate the mechanism, 3T3-L1 cells were used and differentiated to adipocytes and the hub genes were knocked-down and SASPs were *** A Venn diagram was used to obtain 82 senescence-related DEGs, and the top 15-degree hub genes were explored. After validating using the GEO datasets and human sub-epicardial adipose samples, STAT3, SERPINE1, CDKN2A, DLG4, PTGS2, MDM2, LRP1, IRS2, PRKCD, CCND2, and CISH were found to be significantly expressed in the group with severe CAD. The hub genes, including STAT3, MDM2, LRP1, IRS2, PRKCD, CCND2, and CISH, were validated to be highly expressed in adipocytes in ischemic cardiomyopathy patients with end-stage heart failure. STAT3, LRP1, PRKCD, CCND2, and CISH were highly expressed in adipocytes under hypoxia. STAT3, LRP1, PRKCD, CCND2, and CISH were knocked-down in 3T3-L1 cell lines. SASPs, including IL1 alpha, IL1 beta, and TNF alpha, decreased in hypoxic adipocytes after 5 hub genes knockdown. IL6 decreased in hypoxic adipocytes after STAT3, LRP1, and CISH knockdown, while IL6 increased in hypoxic adipocytes after CCND2 knockdown. The joint ROC of all 5 genes expression was *** These screened SASP hub genes, incl

关键词： chest pain   contrast agent   echocardiography   electrocardiogram   CAD   coronary artery disease   CARPA   complement activation-related pseudoallergy   CPR   cardiopulmonary resuscitation   IgE   immunoglobulin E   PEA   pulseless electrical activity   PEG   polyethylene glycol   TTE   transthoracic echocardiography   UEA   ultrasound-enhancing agent  

摘要： Ultrasound-enhancing agents (UEAs) are generally considered safe, with severe reactions exceptionally rare. Cross-reactivity between agents remains poorly understood.