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关键词： Cardiac computed tomography   Coronary CT angiography   Image quality   Process change   Radiation   CCTA   coronary computed tomographic angiography   CAD   coronary artery disease   PTA-diastolic   prospectively ECG-triggered sequential axial mid-diastolic   BB   beta-blocker   HR   heart rate   DS   dual-source   IQ   image quality   PTA-systolic   prospectively ECG-triggered sequential axial end-systolic   CAC   coronary artery calcium   kVp   tube potential   mAs   tube current exposure time product, milliampere-seconds   SLN   sublingual nitroglycerin   CTDI vol   volume CT Dose index   DLP   dose-length product  

摘要： Guidelines recommend prospective ECG-triggered mid-diastolic coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) acquisition after achieving optimal heart rate (HR) control in order to optimize scan image quality. With dual-source CCTA, prospective end-systolic acquisition has been shown to be less prone to motion artifacts at higher heart rates and may improve scan and CT laboratory efficiency by allowing CCTA without routine pre-scan beta-blocker (BB) administration.

关键词： Business   Cardiac CT programs   Cardiology-radiology joint practice   Skills maintenance   CAC   coronary artery calcium   CAD   coronary artery disease   CCTA   Cardiovascular computed tomography angiography   BCA   Business case analysis   NRMP   National Resident Matching Program   SCCT   Society of Cardiovascular CT   CBCCT   Certification board of cardiovascular CT   CPT   Current Procedural Terminology   HCPCS   Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System  

摘要： Cardiac imagers, radiologists or cardiologists, do not receive adequate training or preparation for the harsh realities of running imaging programs and most of the training follows graduation where they are learning on the job and from their own mistakes. There are many factors and skill sets need to help imagers to run a successful and financially independent practice that are easily not easily acquired or researched independently. The intent of this review is to provide a checklist of steps recommended to create a successful program and to give insight into the financial considerations associated with workforce, equipment, training and sustainability. The challenges faced are broadly similar between practice types, but some distinct differences do exist within varying practice environments.

关键词： Digital Twin   Industry 4.0   Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)   Computer Numerical Control (CNC)   NC Code  

摘要： The Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) programming process for bus floor component production encounters significant challenges due to dependence on two-dimensional designs and the lack of 3D visualization, which restricts the programmer’s ability to thoroughly assess the parts. This often results in issues such as missing features, production oversights, or dimensional discrepancies, which require manual verification against physical components and reduce efficiency, while errors during the machining process can further complicate production and impact overall quality. To address these issues, our research introduces the development of an intelligent digital machine twin (IDMT) to assist CAM programmers in both Design for Manufacturability (DfM) and production setup. The proposed solution integrates detailed manufacturing data with virtual simulations of the machining process, built upon NC Code, utilizing AI methodologies to optimize the production of new components, provide feedback, and take corrective action to prevent errors throughout the manufacturing operations.

关键词： Supplemental oxygen   Covid-19 infection   Post-hospitalization   CAD   Coronary Artery Disease   CHF   Congestive Heart Failure   CKD   Chronic Kidney Disease   COPD   Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease   COVID-19   Coronavirus Disease 2019   DM   Diabetes Mellitus   ED   Emergency Department   ESRD   End-Stage Renal Disease   HTN   Hypertension   ICD-10-CM International Classification for Diseases   tenth revision, clinical modification. ICU, Intensive Care Unit   LOS   length of stay   PCP   Primary Care Provider, PM&R, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation   SD   Standard Deviation  

摘要： The role of home oxygen therapy for patients recovering from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia, characterized by impaired gas exchange, is not well-defined.

关键词： adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma   anti-human T cell leukemia virus type-1   chronic actinic dermatitis   ATLL   CAD   CT   computerized tomography   HTLV-1   MED   minimal erythema dose  

摘要： A, Clinical picture of erythematous eruption on his back. B, High power view on the back. A skin biopsy was performed in a spindle shape from the black-marked area on the back. C, H & E stain, ×100. D, H & E stain, ×200. E, CD3 stain, ×200. F, CCR...

关键词： Gastric carcinogenesis   FAM117A   PIGU   CAM   Cell proliferation  

摘要： Gastric cancer (GC) develops through a multistep process; however, the molecular mechanisms driving the progression from normal gastric mucosa to precancerous lesions and ultimately to GC remain incompletely understood. Here, this study performed whole-transcriptome sequencing and ATAC-seq on normal gastric mucosa (N), gastric precancerous lesions (P), and gastric tumor tissues (T) to profile chromatin accessibility, lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs. Differential expression and KEGG pathway analyses identified key hub genes driving gastric carcinogenesis. A core competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network revealed critical regulatory lncRNAs for H19 and SNHG3. Through integrative analysis of ATAC-seq and whole-transcriptome sequencing, FAM117A and PIGU were identified as potential key regulatory factors. Experimental validation, including western blot, RT-qPCR, plasmid transfection and immunohistochemistry, confirmed FAM117A and PIGU as pivotal targets. Functional assays demonstrated that FAM117A and PIGU regulate the p53 signaling pathway and modulate cell adhesion molecules (N-cadherin and E-cadherin), highlighting their involvement in abnormal proliferation and tumor metastasis during GC progression. These findings identify FAM117A and PIGU as novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, providing mechanistic insights into gastric carcinogenesis.

关键词： Automated diagnosis   Ensemble models   Explainability   Feature extraction   Grad-CAM   Ocular diseases   Transfer learning  

摘要： Vision serves as a window to the world, enabling individuals to fully appreciate various dimensions of everyday life. Some eye diseases can lead to irreversible loss of vision. Developing an algorithm for a clinical decision support system that explains its predictions is essential to assist the limited number of ophthalmologists in managing the increasing patient load with severe ocular diseases. In contrast to earlier models that concentrated on single-disease classification without providing insights into predictions, this approach introduces DeB5-XNet, a novel explainable ensemble model for multi-categorical classification of ocular conditions.

关键词： Vitamin D   Inflammation   Atherosclerosis   Coronary artery disease   1,25-(OH) 2D 3   1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3   25-(OH)D 3   25-hydroxyvitamin D 3   AIP   atherogenic index of plasma   CAD   coronary artery disease   CBP   CREB binding protein   CD4   cluster of differentiation 4   CD206   cluster of differentiation 206   CHF   congestive heart failure   CI   confidence interval   CIMESTRA   Cyclosporine, Methotrexate, Steroid in Rheumatoid Arthritis   CKD   chronic kidney disease   CREB   cAMP responsive binding protein   CVD   cardiovascular disease   CYP 27B1   cytochrome P450-27B1   FGF23   fibroblast growth factor 23   FPG   fasting plasma glucose   GWAS   genome-wide association study   HDAC   histone deacetylase   HDL   high-density lipoprotein   HDLc   high-density lipoprotein cholesterol   HOMA-IR   homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance   HR   hazard ratio   hsCRP   high-sensitivity C-reactive protein   IFNα   interferon α   IFNγ   interferon γ   IL   interleukin   IU   international units   LPS   lipopolysaccharide   MCP-1   monocyte chemoattractant protein-1   MI   myocardial infarction   NF-κB   nuclear factor-κB   OR   odds ratio   PCOS   polycystic ovary syndrome   PTH   parathyroid hormone   RA   rheumatoid arthritis   RCT   randomized clinical trial   RXR   retinoid-X-receptor   SLE   systemic lupus erythematosus   TNFα   tumor necrosis factor α   VCAM1   vascular cell adhesion molecule-1   VDR   vitamin D receptor  

摘要： The role of vitamin D in regulating calcium metabolism and skeletal growth and disease is widely recognized. Indeed, current recommendations for serum vitamin D concentrations are based on these parameters. A serum vitamin D <20 ng/mL is considered deficient, concentrations between 20 and 30 ng/mL are insufficient, and >30 ng/mL is adequate. However, over the past number of years, epidemiological studies, randomized clinical trials, and preclinical animal and cell culture–based research have demonstrated that vitamin D modulates immune function. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and in industrialized nations, is mediated in part by chronic inflammation as well as by other well-established risk factors including dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL or <50 nM) is associated with increased CVD risk. As described in this review, several recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses provide some evidence that vitamin D administration to individuals with vitamin D deficiency may have little effect on CVD-related mortality. Many well-designed randomized clinical trials in the general population as well as in people at risk for CVD-related complication later in life provide evidence that treatment may be beneficial. These latter studies as well as the paucity of information regarding the optimal vitamin D concentration required for optimizing immune function in patients indicate that more research is needed to address whether vitamin D supplements may be a cost-effective intervention for preventing CVD.

关键词： Uncontrolled T2DM   Glycated hemoglobin   Integrated Ayurveda treatment protocol   Diet   Yoga   HOMA IR   T2DM   Type 2 diabetes mellitus   HbA1c   glycated hemoglobin   HOMA IR   homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance   FBG   fasting blood glucose   PPBG   post prandial blood glucose   DQOL   diabetes quality of life   MGT   madhumehari ghana tab   MUFA   monounsaturated fatty acids   STP   standard treatment protocol   ITP   integrated Ayurveda treatment protocol   GMP   good manufacturing practice   ASU   Ayurveda, Sidda, Unani   HDL   high density lipoprotein   LDL, low density lipoprotein   VLDL   very low density lipoprotein   CAM   complementary and alternative medicine   IF   intermittent fasting  

摘要： Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), measured as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) of >7 %, is prevalent. An integrated Ayurveda treatment protocol (ITP) has potentially beneficial effects. This study aims to compare the efficacy of ITP with standard diabetic care in patients with uncontrolled T2DM.

关键词： COVID-19   SARS-CoV-2   Medical Imaging   IoMT   Deep Learning   Explainable AI   Model Compression   XAI  

摘要： Since the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019, its rapid global spread led to significant losses across various sectors and disrupted medical facilities worldwide due to the surge in cases. The shortage of doctors highlighted the need for IoMT applications to assist medical professionals in early and accurate decision-making. This paper presents an approach to developing compressed deep learning models with ensemble XAI (Explainable Artificial Intelligence) for SARS-CoV-2 detection using CXR and CT-Scan images. The proposed approach addresses the constraints of deep learning models, such as high computational complexity and lack of interpretability, while maintaining accuracy in identifying COVID-19 cases. Techniques like model compression, pruning, quantization, and ensemble XAI (including GradCAM++ and SHAP) are employed to improve robustness and interpretability. Our proposed optimized DenseNet-201 model achieved an accuracy of 97.07%, while reducing model size by 25%. Experimental results demonstrate that the method achieves competitive results while significantly reducing computational complexity.