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关键词： arrhythmia   sudden cardiac death   transcriptomics   CAD   coronary artery disease   LV   left ventricle/ventricular   SCD  

摘要： While some chronic pathological substrates for sudden cardiac death (SCD) are well known (eg, coronary artery disease and left ventricular [LV] dysfunction), the acute vulnerable myocardial state predisposing to fatal arrhythmia remains a critical barrier to near-term SCD prevention.

关键词： Medicare   prognosis   stress CMR   CABG   coronary artery bypass grafting   CAD   coronary artery disease   CHF   congestive heart failure   CMR   cardiac magnetic resonance   CTA   computed tomography angiography   LGE   late gadolinium enhancement   LV   left ventricular   LVEF   left ventricular ejection fraction   MI   myocardial infarction   PCI   percutaneous coronary intervention   SPECT   single-photon emission computed tomography  

摘要： Patients aged ≥65 years account for a disproportionately large portion of cardiovascular (CV) events and pose a challenge for noninvasive detection of coronary artery disease.

关键词： CAC   coronary artery calcification   CAD   coronary artery disease   CAS   coronary artery stenosis   CI   confidence interval   CT   computed tomography   CVD   cardiovascular disease   CCTA   coronary computed tomography angiography   DM   diabetes mellitus   FFR CT   fractional flow reserve computed tomography   FRS   Framingham risk score   HR   hazard ratio   MACE   major adverse cardiovascular events   OR   odds ratio   Coronary computed tomography   Coronary artery calcification   Coronary artery stenosis   Diabetes mellitus   Risk stratification  

摘要： We aimed to examine the stepwise risk stratification for predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with DM and suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).

关键词： 智能纺织品   高分子材料   可穿戴技术   高分子化学   研究成果转化   半导体聚合物   创新设计   导电材料  

摘要： 高分子化学是研究聚合物的化学结构、合成方法及其性能的学科,而高分子材料则是将高分子化学的研究成果转化为实际应用的具体物质,广泛用于各类工程和技术中。在智能纺织品的研发中,高分子材料通过高分子化学的创新合成与改性,赋予了纺织品智能化功能。《智能电子纺织品与可穿戴技术》“智能导电材料”中详细介绍了半导体聚合物的特性及其在柔性电子器件中的应用,为高分子材料在智能纺织品中的创新设计提供了思路。这种基于高分子材料的功能开发,不仅赋予了纺织品新的智能属性,还推动了纺织行业向智能化、可穿戴化方向的快速转型,助力将更多个性化、高性能的产品应用于实际生活。

关键词： Multi-layered zirconia   Lithium disilicate   USPHS   Visual analogue scale   Khat   Smokeless tobacco  

摘要： Aesthetic restorations are fabricated using CAD/CAM technologies utilizing zirconia and lithium disilicate. These materials have shown promising results in terms of clinical performance, but the effects of social habits remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of social habits (khat or smokeless tobacco) on the clinical performance of prostheses constructed from different CAD/CAM prosthetic materials (multilayer zirconia or lithium disilicate) by using the United States Public Health Service (USPHS).

关键词： Fractional Flow Reserve   Computational methodologies   Multiscale modelling   Patient-specific artery   Cardiovascular disease   Atherosclerosis   ABM   Agent-based model   CABG   Coronary artery bypass graft   CAD   Coronary artery disease   CAVD   Calcific aortic valve disease   CDP   Pressure drop coefficient   CFD   Computational fluid dynamics   CFR   Coronary flow reserve   CFVR   Coronary flow velocity reserve   CT   Computed tomography   CTA   Computed tomographic angiography   CTP   Computed tomographic perfusion   CVD   Cardiovascular disease   DBP   Diastolic blood pressure   DCVR   Diastolic coronary vasodilator reserve   FFR   Fractional flow reserve   FSI   Fluid-solid interaction   HBR   Heartbeat rate   HMR   Hyperaemic stenosis resistance   IFR   Instantaneous wave-free ratio   IMR   Index of microcirculatory resistance   LAD   Left anterior descending artery   LCA   Left coronary artery   LCx   Left circumflex artery   LDL   Low-density lipoprotein   LFC   Lesion flow coefficient   LPM   Lumped-parameter model   LVM   Left ventricle mass   MAP   Mean arterial pressure   MI   Myocardial infarction   ML   Machine learning   MM   Multiscale modelling   MR   Mooney-Rivlin   MRA   Magnetic resonance angiography   MRI   Magnetic resonance imaging   OSI   Oscillatory shear index   PAD   Peripheral artery disease   PFLA   Pressure-flow loop area   PISO   Pressure implicit with splitting of operators   PTC   Pulse transmission coefficient   RCA   Right coronary artery   RRT   Relative residence time   SBP   Systolic blood pressure   SST   Shear stress transport   SIMPLE   Semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equations   TAWSS   Time-averaged wall shear stress   WSS   Wall shear stress   aCFR   Absolute coronary flow reserve   d-FFR   Diastolic fractional flow reserve   mLDL   Modified LDL   rCFR   Relative coronary flow reserve   sPTT   Simplified Phan-Thien/Tanner  

摘要： Computational methodologies for predicting the fractional flow reserve (FFR) in coronary arteries with stenosis have gained significant attention due to their potential impact on healthcare outcomes. Coronary artery disease is a leading cause of mortality worldwide, prompting the need for accurate diagnostic and treatment approaches. The use of medical image-based anatomical vascular geometries in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to evaluate the hemodynamics has emerged as a promising tool in the medical field. This comprehensive review aims to explore the state-of-the-art computational methodologies focusing on the possible considerations. Key aspects include the rheology of blood, boundary conditions, fluid–structure interaction (FSI) between blood and the arterial wall, and multiscale modelling (MM) of stenosis. Through an in-depth analysis of the literature, the goal is to obtain an overview of the major achievements regarding non-invasive methods to compute FFR and to identify existing gaps and challenges that inform further advances in the field. This research has the major objective of improving the current diagnostic capabilities and enhancing patient care in the context of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： 水稻   凸轮   钵体苗   顶杆   顶出式   取苗装置  

摘要： 针对现有水稻钵体苗抛秧机取苗装置高速作业稳定性差、不同秧龄适应性差、取苗损伤率偏高等问题,该研究基于割圆曲线凸轮-平行四杆强制顶出取苗的技术思路,设计了一种水稻钵体苗凸轮渐进顶出式取苗装置,构建了取苗顶杆回程段、升程段、回转段轨迹方程,确定了取苗凸轮轮廓曲线;建立了取苗顶杆机构运动学模型,明确了取苗顶杆与钵体苗盘下拉的运动关系。分析了钵体苗初始顶苗阶段顶出过程,确定了取苗顶杆最大极限回转速度。以野香优航1573、黄华占、甬优12为供试品种,以秧龄(两叶一心、三叶、三叶一心)、钵体含水率(40%、50%、60%)和取苗频率(4、6、8次/s)为试验因素,以取苗成功率和取苗损伤率为评价指标,开展正交试验。试验结果表明:3个供试品种取苗成功率为95.68%~100%,取苗损伤率为0.45%~3.80%,且秧龄对取苗成功率、取苗损伤率影响最大,钵体含水率、取苗频率影响相对较小,取苗损伤率与取苗成功率呈负相关趋势;优选水平为秧龄三叶一心、钵体含水率50%、取苗频率4次/s,该条件下供试品种甬优12取苗成功率均值为99.78%,取苗损伤率均值为0.22%。研究结果可为水稻钵体苗高效低损有序抛秧机的研制提供关键技术与核心部件。

关键词： 创新思维   社会责任感   电气控制   CAD技术  

摘要： 在电气控制与CAD技术这类技术密集型课程的教学中,传统的知识传授方式已无法完全满足社会对高素质人才的需求.现代社会不仅要求工程师具备扎实的专业技能,还要求他们具有应对复杂社会问题的能力,能够通过技术创新推动可持续发展,并在工作中展现高度的社会责任感.电气工程作为一项直接关系到能源、环境、生产与生活的基础性技术,其应用场景涉及社会发展的方方面面,工程师在其中的角色愈加重要.本文旨在通过对电气控制与CAD技术课程教学模式的深入探讨,探索如何通过教学改革培养具有创新思维和社会责任感的电气工程技术人才,为电气工程教育教学提供新的思路和方法,推动电气控制与CAD技术课程的教学质量提升.

关键词： CAD/CAM技术   口腔美学修复   数字化修复   修复精度   咀嚼效率  

摘要： 数字化计算机辅助设计与计算机辅助制造(CAD/CAM)技术凭借精准化、高效化及个性化优势,已成为口腔美学修复领域的核心技术支撑.本文系统梳理CAD/CAM技术在口腔美学修复中的发展脉络,重点阐述其在牙体缺损修复、种植体上部结构修复、可摘局部义齿修复等场景的临床应用进展,从修复精度、功能恢复、美学效果及患者满意度等维度进行疗效评价,并分析当前技术应用中的挑战与未来发展方向.

关键词： Wine   Beer   Cardiovascular disease   Platelet-activating factor   Anti-inflammatory   Cancer   Stroke   AF   atrial fibrillation   AUD   alcohol use disorders   BAC   blood alcohol concentration   BSG   brewer's spent grain   CAD   coronary artery disease   CVD   cardiovascular disease   CRP   C-reactive protein   GAE   gallic acid equivalents   HDL   high-density lipoprotein   LDL   low-density lipoprotein   MG   malted grain   OGD   oxygen and glucose deprivation   8-OHdG   8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine   Ox-LDL   oxidized low-density lipoprotein   PAI-1   plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1   PAF   platelet activating factor   PC   phosphatidylcholine   PE   phosphatidylethanolamine   PH   pelleted hops   ROS   reactive oxygen species   SH   spent hops   SM   sphingomyelin   TL   total lipid   TLC   thin-layer chromatography   TMAO   Trimethylamine N-oxide   TNF- α   tumour necrosis factor alpha   TNL   total neutral lipids   TPL   total polar lipids, VSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cells   WHO   World Health Organization  

摘要： Excessive alcohol consumption is detrimental to human health, and it is implicated in the development of heart disease, stroke, and cancer. However, the last few decades have given rise to epidemiological evidence suggesting that low-to-moderate consumption of red wine and beer may reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown that moderate consumption of wine and beer protects against ischemic stroke, increases HDL plasma concentrations, and reduces platelet aggregation and insulin resistance. This cardioprotective effect has previously been attributed to phytochemicals in these beverages. This narrative review explores these potential cardioprotective phytochemicals and the underlying mechanisms responsible. Data from trials investigating the effect of alcoholic beverage consumption and in vitro analyses of the bioactive phytochemical compounds are reviewed. The potential of dealcoholized beverages is also explored. The literature shows that the cardioprotective effects observed with moderate alcohol consumption are mainly owing to the presence of anti-inflammatory polyphenolic and bioactive substances including lipophilic molecules present in low but biologically significant quantities. These phytochemicals are obtained from the raw materials and generated during the brewing processes. Studies indicate that dealcoholized variants of beer and wine also possess beneficial health effects, indicating that these effects are not alcohol dependent. There is also growing interest in dealcoholized beverages that are fortified or enhanced with cardioprotective properties. The development of such beverages is an important avenue of future research so that there are options for consumers who wish to enjoy wine and beer safely.