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关键词： modeling automation   extensibility   script language   graphical interface  

摘要： Features of the Python script support in an actively developing interactive graphics system are discussed. Such a support is a labor-intensive task, which is difficult to automate in the general case. As a solution to this problem, an approach that allows developers to combine the creation of new system components with simultaneously embedding scripting support without writing redundant additional code is proposed. The result is a user-friendly object-oriented API that describes all aspects of interaction between the system and scripts. Scripts using this API can be used for modeling automation as well as for extending the system with custom script classes. This is especially important as it provides the opportunity for ordinary users to independently extend closed-source systems.

关键词： Arabidopsis   CAM7   MYB4   ARA4   transcriptional regulation   gene expression  

摘要： Calmodulin7 (CAM7) is a key transcription factor of Arabidopsis seedling development. CAM7 works together with HY5 bZIP protein to promote photomorphogenesis at various wavelengths of light. In this study, we show that AtMYB4, identified from a yeast two-hybrid screen, physically interacts with CAM7 and works as a positive regulator of photomorphogenesis at various wavelengths of light. CAM7 and HY5 directly bind to the promoter of AtMYB4 to promote its expression for photomorphogenic growth. On the other hand, ARA4, identified from the same yeast two-hybrid screen, works as a negative regulator of photomorphogenic growth specifically in white light. The double mutant analysis reveals that the altered hypocotyl elongation of atmyb4 and ara4 is either partly or completely suppressed by additional loss of function of CAM7. Furthermore, ARA4 genetically interacts with AtMYB4 in an antagonistic manner to suppress the elongated hypocotyl phenotype of atmyb4. The transactivation studies reveal that while CAM7 activates the promoter of AtMYB4 in association with HY5, ARA4 negatively regulates AtMYB4 expression. Taken together, these results demonstrate that working as a negative regulator of photomorphogenesis, ARA4 plays a balancing act on CAM7 and HY5-mediated regulation of AtMYB4.

关键词： Association mapping   Bonferroni correction   GLM and MLM model   Family (genetic) kinship   Linkage disequilibrium   Population structure  

摘要： Background Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.), an important source of tropical timber with immense economic value, is a highly outcrossing forest tree species. 150 unrelated accessions of teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) plus trees assembled as clones at National Teak Germplasm Bank, Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India was investigated for association mapping of candidate lignin biosynthesis gene (CAD1) and transcription factors (MYB1 and MYB2).Methods and Results The CAD1, MYB1 and MYB2 were amplified using specifically designed primers. The amplified sequences were then sequenced and genotyped for 112 SNPs/11 indels. We evaluated the association between SNPs and wood density in teak accessions using GLM and MLM statistical models, with Bonferroni correction applied. The teak accessions recorded an average wood density of 416.69 kg.m(-3) (CV 4.97%) and comprised of three loosely structured admixed sub-populations (K = 3), containing 72.05% genetic variation within sub-populations with low intragenic LD (0-21% SNP pairs) at P < 0.05 and high LD decay (33-934 bp) at R-2 = 0.1. GLM and MLM models discounting systematic biases (Q and K matrices) to avoid false discovery revealed five loci at rare variants (MAF 0.003) and three loci at common variants (MAF 0.05) to be significantly (P < 0.05) associated with the wood density. However, the stringent Bonferroni correction (4.06-7.04 x 10(-4)) yielded only a single associated locus (B1485C/A) from exon of MYB1 transcription factor, contributing to about 10.35% phenotypic variation in wood density *** Scored SNP locus (B1485C/A) can be developed as a molecular probe for selection of improved planting stock with proven wood density trait for a large-scale teak plantation.

关键词： cancer stemness   castration-resistant prostate cancer   L1 cell adhesion molecule   NEPC   neuroendocrine differentiation   oxidative stress  

摘要： BackgroundA specific type of prostate cancer (PC) that exhibits neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation is known as NEPC. NEPC has little to no response to androgen deprivation therapy and is associated with the development of metastatic castration-resistant PC (CRPC), which has an extremely poor prognosis. Our understanding of genetic drivers and activated pathways in NEPC is limited, which hinders precision medicine approaches. L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is known to play an oncogenic role in metastatic cancers, including CRPC. However, the impact of L1CAM on NEPC progression remains ***1CAM expression level was investigated using public gene expression databases of PC cohorts and patient-derived xenograft models. L1CAM knockdown was performed in different PC cells to study in vitro cell functions. A subline of CRPC cell line CWR22Rv1 was established after long-term exposure to abiraterone to induce NE differentiation. The androgen receptor-negative cell line PC3 was cultured under the tumor sphere-forming condition to enrich cancer stemness features. Several oxidative stress inducers were tested on PC cells to observe L1CAM-mediated gene expression and cell ***1CAM expression was remarkably high in NEPC compared to CRPC or adenocarcinoma tumors. L1CAM was also correlated with NE marker expressions and associated with the adenocarcinoma-to-NEPC progression in gene expression databases and CRPC cells with NE differentiation. L1CAM also promoted cancer stemness and NE phenotypes in PC3 cells under cancer stemness enrichment. L1CAM was also identified as a reactive oxygen species-induced gene, by which L1CAM counteracted CRPC cell death triggered by ionizing *** results unveiled a new role of L1CAM in the acquisition of the NE phenotype in PC, contributing to the NE differentiation-related therapeutic resistance of CRPC.

关键词： L1 cell adhesion molecule   cervical adenocarcinoma   cervical adenosquamous cell carcinoma   prognostic factor   rare cancer   molecular biomarker  

摘要： Background Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common malignancy. The significant prognostic factors are tumor size and lympho-vascular space invasion. Considering that these are nonspecific factors, research has been aimed at finding a specific molecular marker related to a higher incidence of relapse and mortality in patients with CC. Objective Our study investigated the prognostic value of L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) expression in rare histological subtypes of cervical cancer (adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous cell carcinomas). Methods This is a single-institution retrospective study with 35 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma or adenosquamous cell carcinoma in 2007 through 2017. Paraffin sections of the tumor were used for L1CAM analysis by immunohistochemistry. Results L1CAM expression was positive in 15 (42.8%) of the 35 tumors. L1CAM expression did not differ significantly in regard to the stage of disease, tumor size, grading, or lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) (p = 0.619, p = 0.341, p = 0.445, p = 0.999). Progression-free interval and overall survival did not differ between L1CAM-positive and L1CAM-negative groups (p = 0.704, p = 0.386, respectively). Conclusions In our study, L1CAM expression is not a negative prognostic factor associated with aggressive tumor behavior, recurrence risk and overall survival.

关键词： CAD-CAM system   dental implants   direct metal laser sintering   dental prosthesis design   hybrid dentures  

摘要： This narrative review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) milled, and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) titanium frameworks in hybrid denture prostheses. A structured PICO analysis and a review of ten publications were used to compare titanium frameworks for hybrid dentures made through milling, DMLS, and CAD-CAM milling. Prosthesis success, bone loss, patient satisfaction, framework fit, and biofilm adhesion were among the outcome indicators. The inclusion criteria included comparisons between DMLS and milled titanium frameworks, investigations of hybrid dentures with metal frameworks, and various study designs. The exclusion criteria included reviews, case reports, non-comparative research, and studies unrelated to hybrid dentures. A comprehensive search was performed up to December 2023 across PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using terms such as CAD-CAM, dental implantation, dental prosthesis, bone loss, damaged maxilla/mandible, implant framework, and bone volume. Ten studies were available for the final analysis. These studies shed light on milled titanium framework's relative effectiveness and characteristics versus DMLS for implant-supported hybrid dentures. This narrative analysis clarifies the critical roles of the CAD-CAM and DMLS frameworks in implant-supported hybrid dentures. Despite the significant benefits of both of these technologies, it is evident that more investigation is required to identify the optimal framework option for specific clinical scenarios, highlighting the importance of continuing research in this field.

关键词： Compliant actuator   proxy-based control   safe human-robot interaction   variable stiffness actuator (VSA)  

摘要： This article presents a novel variable stiffness actuator (VSA) capable of wide-range stiffness regulation and has a compact structure. A cam-circular beam mechanism is proposed in the design of variable stiffness mechanisms. By adjusting the pivot position, the stiffness of the actuator can be regulated from a minimum value to near infinite. Different from the VSAs, which use rotation-to-translation converting mechanisms in the design of stiffness regulation mechanisms, the stiffness regulation of the proposed actuator is achieved by simply rotating the pivot shaft with the help of circular beams. This contributes to the improvement of the compactness and power density of the actuator. Moreover, the transmission ratio between the beam deformation and the joint deflection is determined by the cam mechanism, then the stiffness profile and range of the stiffness can be customized. The control of the actuator is realized by using a proxy-based control method, and an adaptive law is proposed to adjust the control parameter and the joint mechanical stiffness online. Then, significant force compliance is achieved at the control and mechanical level, which guarantees interaction safety when unexpected interruptions occur. The prototype of the proposed actuator is developed and experiments are carried out, which verify the stiffness regulation capability of the actuator and the control performance.

关键词： attention-based visualization   deep learning   dementia classification   feature selection   Grad-CAM   mel-spectrogram   transfer learning   voice data  

摘要： This study presents a unique methodology for dementia classification that harnesses voice data and integrates transfer learning, feature selection, and attention-based visualization. We examined two deep learning input techniques: one consolidating three Melspectrograms (standard, Harmonic/Percussive average, and delta value) into an integrated image and the other assessing them *** study validates the efficacy of melt spectrogram image classification using Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) for feature selection. This study exploited the Grad-CAM attention map to pinpoint the Melspectrogram's most impactful features. Evaluations illustrated that the combined synthetic images yielded 1.4%- 9.4% better accuracy than the separate images. Implementing Grad-CAM for feature selection further amplifies accuracy. Models utilizing features identified by Grad-CAM averaged a 4.3% superior accuracy compared with solely fine-tuned models. With integrated mel-spectrograms as input, the classification accuracies for Normal vs. Dementia, Normal vs. Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Dementia vs. Mild Cognitive Impairment were 75%, 67.9%, and 67.8%, respectively, indicating an improvement of up to 13.1% compared to individual images.

关键词： Additive manufacturing   Aerospace   CAD   Computational   Design   Sustainability  

摘要： Additive manufacturing (AM) is a promising technology for medical applications. This review paper aims to fill this gap by analysing the sustainability aspects of AM, including its environmental, economic, and social implications. The main objective of the review study is to provide dependable and achievable sustainability guidelines for AM by evaluating the advantages, methods of implementation, and obstacles connected with Sustainable Additive Manufacturing (SAM) systems. The review study will enhance our understanding of the environmental impact of AM by providing a more holistic perspective on the technology and its potential consequences.