课程文献中心 更多>>

关键词： Polymethyl methacrylate   Candida albicans   Computer-aided design   Acrylic resins   Surface properties  

摘要： Purpose:To evaluate whether Candida albicans adhesion differs between denture base resins fabricated using computer aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM;milled or 3D-printed) systems and those fabricated using conventional heat-polymerized resin (HPAR). Study selection:This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and PRISMA-Network Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-NMA) guidelines. The research question was, "For the fabrication of denture bases, are resins from the CAD/CAM system more prone to Candida albicans adhesion compared with conventional resins?" Searches were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, and Embase, as well as through manual searches up to May 2025, with no language or date restrictions. The risk of bias was assessed using RoBDEMAT software. Surface roughness and contact angle were assessed using NMA. Results: The search identified 2960 records, of which 16 in vitro studies met the eligibility criteria. In four studies, HPAR was compared with milled resins;in ten, HPAR was compared with milled and 3D-printed resins, and only 3D-printed resins were evaluated in two. Overall, the milled resins exhibited lower C. albicans adhesion, whereas the 3D-printed resins exhibited higher adhesion in five studies. NMA did not significantly differ in surface roughness or contact angle between the resin types. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the in vitro evidence, CAD/CAM milled resins were less prone to Candida albicans adhesion than conventional and 3D-printed resins. NMA indicated that the resin type did not significantly influence the surface roughness or contact angle. Further clinical studies are required to validate these findings.

关键词： de novo coronary artery disease   drug-coated balloon   drug-eluting stents  

摘要： Owing to the absence of a metallic scaffold, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-coated balloons (DCBs) may cause less chronic inflammation and potentially reduce late complications compared with drug-eluting stents (DES). However, in the REC-CAGEFREE I study, the strategy of DCB angioplasty with rescue stenting failed to achieve noninferiority to intended DES implantation for treating de novo lesions at 2 years.

关键词： Metal additive manufacturing   Analytical heat transfer model   CAD-Simulate-Print   Scanning strategy  

摘要： A lack of direct integration between the digital part geometry, defined in a computer-aided design (CAD) file, and the computer-based simulation models is the key obstacle to the selection of process parameters based on scientific understanding for 3D printing of metallic parts. We present here a novel CAD-Simulate-Print framework by enabling a part-scale 3D analytical heat conduction model to directly consider the digitized part geometry from a CAD model and generate multiple possible scan paths for a range of user-defined process conditions. The computed transient temperature field and melt pool dimensions for multiple possible scanning strategy are examined systematically to help select an appropriate printing condition with the minimum susceptibility to lack-of-fusion porosity and part distortion. The computed results showed a fairly reliable agreement with the experimentally measured results. Overall, the proposed CAD - Simulate-Print framework has exhibited a potential to provide a scalable approach for additive manufacturing process design.

关键词： catalogs   cosmology: observations   galaxies: clusters: general   galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD   gravitational lensing: weak  

摘要： We construct samples of optically selected clusters and photometric luminous red galaxies (LRGs) from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program final-year dataset covering similar to 1200 deg(2). The cluster catalogs extend out to a redshift of 1.38 and contain more than 10000 clusters with richness larger than 15, where the richness is defined to be a membership probability weighted number of galaxies above the stellar masses of approximately 10(10.2) M-circle dot The total number of probable red cluster member galaxies in these clusters is more than 6 x 10(5). Photometric redshifts of the clusters are shown to be precise with a scatter better than similar to 0.01 for a wide redshift range. We detect stacked weak-lensing signals of clusters out to a redshift of 1, and use them to update constraints on the mass-richness relation. Our catalog of about 6 million photometric LRGs extends to a redshift of 1.25, and has a photometric redshift scatter of better than similar to 0.02 for the redshift range between 0.4 and 1.0.

关键词： Deep learning   medical imaging   multi-label classification   vision transformers   explainable AI (XAI)   Grad-CAM  

摘要： This study evaluates advanced deep learning models - specifically CNNs (EfficientNetB2 and DenseNet201) and transformers (DeiT and ViT) - for the multi-label classification of chest X-ray images, with a primary focus on AI model development and optimization. Using the small CheXpert dataset for training/validation and the original CheXpert test set for evaluation, the research addresses all 14 labels (12 thoracic pathologies, "No Findings," and "Support Device"), tackling the inherent challenges of overlapping pathologies in multi-label classification. While DeiT showed the highest performance, EfficientNetB2 was chosen for further refinement because it surpassed DenseNet201 on overall metrics and, along with DenseNet201, supports Grad-CAM for post-hoc explainability. Grad-CAM attention maps identified clinically relevant regions in correctly classified cases and pinpointed areas needing improvement in misclassified instances, thereby providing transparency into the models' decision-making processes. Overall, despite the limitations imposed by lower image resolution and task complexity, the study demonstrates the adaptability of these deep learning models and contributes to the development of trustworthy AI systems in medical imaging that effectively balance diagnostic accuracy with interpretability. Our proposed method achieved promising results with 0.81 accuracy, 0.79 AUC, and integrates explainable AI by providing visual explanations through attention maps using Grad-CAM to enhance model interpretability.

关键词： YouTube   police media   surveillance   participatory culture  

摘要： This article identifies an emerging genre of police body camera content that we term "participatory policing": social media videos composed from official police footage, obtained through Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests, and transformed into viral entertainment by amateur content creators who add narration, sound, and visual effects. Through an analysis of videos, viewer comments, and the broader media ecosystem surrounding the YouTube channel Code Blue Cam (2021-present), we demonstrate how this genre valorizes law enforcement while stigmatizing criminalized "others." We argue that three key features-the "the body cam gaze" (our term for the first-person perspective from police body-worn cameras), creator editing and commentary, and active viewer participation-work together to extend police surveillance and disciplinary power beyond traditional law enforcement. By inviting audiences to surveil, categorize, and judge police targets, this genre inculcates viewers into the disciplinary apparatus of surveillance culture.

关键词： autograder   CAD   engineering drawing   engineering education  

摘要： Manual grading of engineering drawing assignments is often time-consuming, inconsistent, and error-prone, particularly in large-scale engineering education. To address these challenges, we present "CAD-AG", an automated grading system designed to evaluate two-dimensional engineering drawings exported from any CAD tool in DXF format. The system streamlines the grading process by comparing student submissions with a reference solution through geometric feature extraction and rule-based error detection. Key criteria assessed include shape accuracy, scale, alignment, and element completeness. Developed in Python and deployed via a web-based platform, CAD-AG enhances accessibility and usability. In testing with over 1000 student submissions, the system achieved 100% grading accuracy and significantly reduced average grading time. These results demonstrate the potential of automated grading to improve efficiency and consistency in engineering education, providing timely and objective feedback to support both instructors and learners.

关键词： CAD/CAM   ceramic dental restorations   dentistry   meta-analysis   survival rates  

摘要： Background:The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the survival rates of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing ceramic dental ***:The study followed PRISMA guidelines and the study protocol was pre-registered on the PROSPERO platform (registration number: CRD42024599053). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies with a minimum follow-up period of 1-year were included. The search period was set from 2000 to May 2024. A Comprehensive Literature Search was Performed in MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Additionally, references list of relevant reviews and full-text articles were hand-searched to identify potentially eligible ***:A total of 714 articles were identified in the initial search. After screening titles and abstracts, 31 studies were selected for full-text review. Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 studies-comprising 13 RCTs and 12 cohort studies-were incorporated into the systematic review. Quality assessment and risk of bias were conducted using 2 established scales. Regarding survival rates, the overall heterogeneity (I2) among the RCTs was calculated at 23% (P = .17). The pooled survival rate across these trials was determined to be 96% (95% confidence interval: 94-98%), with a mean follow-up period extending from 12 to 64 ***:Ceramic restorations with computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing have shown high survival rates in either randomized controlled studies or cohort studies. Meta-analysis results showed high heterogeneity in cohort studies, so randomized controlled studies with a larger number of participants are still needed to prove their clinical effectiveness.

关键词： additively manufactured   adhesive systems   shear bond strength   subtractively manufactured   surface treatment  

摘要： This study aims to evaluate the effects of different surface treatments and adhesive systems on the shear bond strength (SBS) of additively manufactured (AM) and subtractively manufactured (SM) restorative materials. A total 675 rectangular specimens of three AM (Saremco Crowntec/SC, VarseoSmile CrownPlus/VC, and VarseoSmile TriniQ/VT) and two SM (Vita Enamic/VE and Cerasmart/CS) restorative materials were fabricated. Each material was randomly divided into three groups regarding surface treatments: control/C, sandblasting/S, and etching/E. Following surface treatments, each AM and SM restorative material was then divided into three subgroups (15 specimens/subgroup) on the basis of adhesive systems (etch-and-rinse, self-etch, and universal). All specimens were thermocycled at 10,000 cycles, 5-55 degrees C, 30 s dwell time, and tested under SBS until failure, and failure types were examined under a stereomicroscope. Representative specimens were examined by SEM to evaluate fracture morphology. Statistical analysis was set at p < 0.05. There were significant differences in bond strength according to the material, surface treatment, adhesives, and their interactions (p < 0.05). The highest SBS value was obtained with SC x sandblasting x etch-and-rinse (16.45 +/- 0.93 MPa), while the lowest value was found in the CS x control x universal interaction (4.68 +/- 1.1 MPa). Outcomes varied according to the materials, surface treatment, and adhesive strategy. Clinically, these findings indicate that SM materials may require various surface treatment to achieve reliable adhesion, whereas AM materials provide more similar bond strength performance with no surface treatment.

关键词： 3D model retrieval   multi-agent system   agentic AI   multimodal information fusion  

摘要： The rapid advancement of digital twin technologies, intelligent manufacturing, and the metaverse has led to an exponential growth of 3D model repositories. However, existing retrieval techniques struggle to accommodate complex user queries that often integrate multiple modalities, including geometric shape, semantic descriptions, structured attributes, and assembly hierarchies. To address this challenge, a novel intent-driven multimodal 3D model retrieval framework is proposed, which is built upon a multi-agent cognitive architecture to enable intelligent understanding and execution of cross-modal queries. At its core is a query-planning agent powered by large language models, which autonomously interprets complex user intents and breaks them down into sub-tasks. These sub-tasks are then executed collaboratively by specialised retrieval agents, including the vector retrieval agent, the structural topological agent, and the attribute filtering agent. A comprehensive database is constructed to incorporate geometric and semantic features, attribute metadata, and hierarchical assembly information. Furthermore, we introduce a multimodal clustering technique to enhance model organisation and retrieval efficiency. Experiments on the Fusion360 Assembly dataset demonstrate that the proposed multi-agent framework achieves superior efficiency and accuracy in handling complex, intent-driven 3D model search tasks.