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关键词： dental materials   ceramics   composite resins   computer-aided design   flexural strength  

摘要： Background: Mechanical reliability and size-dependent strength behavior remain critical concerns for CAD/CAM restorative materials. This study evaluated resin-based CAD/CAM materials, including resin composite blocks (RCBs) and nanoceramics. The influence of specimen size on flexural strength and the applicability of Weibull-based strength predictions were assessed by comparing experimental and Weibull-predicted values. Methods: Twelve CAD/CAM materials were investigated, including ten resin-based materials and two controls (lithium disilicate ceramic and polymethyl methacrylate). Rectangular specimens (1 & times;4 & times;14 mm and 1 & times;12 & times;14 mm) were tested using a three-point bending test. Flexural strength, modulus, and resilience were calculated. Reliability and size dependence were assessed using two-parameter Weibull statistics and effective-volume-based predictions. Data were analyzed using statistical tests selected according to data distribution characteristics (alpha = 0.05). Results: RCBs exhibited higher flexural strength, modulus, and resilience than nanoceramics (p < 0.05). Weibull analysis indicated higher reliability and limited size dependence for RCBs, whereas nanoceramics showed greater variability. The ceramic control exhibited the expected reduction in strength with increasing specimen size. In contrast, resin-based materials showed inconsistent responses to changes in specimen size. Prediction error analysis revealed variable agreement between predicted and experimental values, indicating that agreement with classical Weibull assumptions was material-dependent. Conclusions: Resin-based CAD/CAM materials demonstrated limited size-dependent behavior compared with brittle ceramics. The reduced agreement between experimental and Weibull-predicted values suggests that effective-volume scaling may have limited applicability for these contemporary materials and should be interpreted cautiously on a material-specific basis.

关键词： Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)   Multiple Sclerosis (MS)   Medical Sociology   Pharmacognosy   Medical pluralism   Health-seeking behavior  

摘要： This cross-sectional study examines the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Riyadh. A survey was conducted among 151 multiple sclerosis patients enrolled at the neurology clinics of two hospitals in Riyadh (KSUMC and KFMC). The study indicated that a significant majority of respondents (60.93%) used complementary and alternative medicine, demonstrating a pronounced preference for religious-spiritual modalities, including Islamic ruqyah and cupping therapy, in addition to other practices such as massage, oils, dietary supplements, honey, and herbal remedies. The findings underscore the importance of symptom alleviation, optimism about a cure or a delay in disease progression, and social sources of support (from family, healthcare professionals, and the media) in driving decisions to use CAM. The results showed an association between educational level, marital status, and CAM use. Additionally, many patients did not disclose their CAM use to their physicians or pharmacists, either because they perceived it as insignificant or because they did not receive sufficient prompting to disclose it. This highlights the need for more proactive, non-judgmental communication from healthcare practitioners about CAM, as well as targeted training to improve patients' understanding of potential interactions between CAM and conventional treatments.

摘要： The authors regret that errors appeared in the above article. The CRediT authorship contribution statement was incorrect and should read: Kun-jing Xu: Methodology, Software, Writing - original draft. Jie Zhang: Methodology, Writing - review and editing. Miao Liu: Supervision, Validation. Rong-guang Liu: Validation, Software. Shi-zhu Bai: Methodology, Funding acquisition, Writing - review and editing. Dong-mei Li: Conceptualization, Resources, Funding acquisition, Writing - review and editing. Copyright © 2026 by the Editorial Council of The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Tibial plateau fracture   Posterolateral column   Extended anterolateral approach   Fibular osteotomy   Cadaveric study   Main Deformity Direction  

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关键词： barley   Ca2+signal   calmodulin-binding protein   high-affinity K plus transporters   salinity tolerance   transcriptional regulation  

摘要： Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that threatens global crop productivity. Calcium (Ca2+) is a pivotal second messenger in plant stress signalling, but how Ca2+ sensors such as calmodulin (CaM) transcriptionally control ion homeostasis and salt tolerance remains largely understood in crops. Here, we identified a novel calmodulin-binding protein HvCBP60b, which is a negative regulator of salt resilience in salt-tolerant barley. We showed that HvCBP60b interacts with Ca2+ sensor HvCaM1 via its C-terminal domain in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Loss of either HvCBP60b or HvCaM1 promoted the uptake of K+, increased the K+/Na+ ratio, and markedly enhanced both growth performance and grain yield under salinity stress. Furthermore, HvCBP60b binds to the promoter of R2R3-type MYB transcription factor HvMYB77 through its N-terminal domain. HvMYB77 then transcriptionally reduces the expression of HvHAK5, a high-affinity K+ transporter essential for maintaining K+ homeostasis under salinity. Mutations in HvMYB77 or HvHAK5 compromise salt tolerance, whereas the salt-sensitive phenotype of hvhak5 is rescued in hvcbp60b-hvhak5 double mutants. Therefore, we uncover a novel Ca2+-responsive regulatory module CaM1-CBP60b-MYB77-HAK5 essential for K+ homeostasis and salt tolerance in barley, highlighting new targets of Ca2+ signalling for improving salt resilience in cereal crops.

关键词： Endometrial carcinoma   L1CAM   beta-catenin   Immunohistochemistry   Molecular classification   Risk stratification   Resource-limited settings  

摘要： Accurate prognostic stratification of endometrial carcinoma (EC) remains challenging in resource-limited settings lacking molecular sequencing. We investigated whether immunohistochemical (IHC) assessment of combined L1CAM/beta-catenin expression, integrated with mismatch repair (MMR) status and p53 expression, could refine prognostic risk stratification in EC in absence of POLE sequencing. A retrospective cohort study evaluated 140 surgically staged EC cases for L1CAM, beta-catenin MMR, and p53 IHC expression with clinicopathological correlation. Survival analysis was performed on 111 cases (median follow up:38 months). L1CAM and beta-catenin demonstrated mutually exclusive expression patterns (27.1% and 6.4% respectively;66.5% double negative). L1CAM + tumors demonstrated significantly worse disease specific survival (DSS HR:4, 95%CI: 1.6-9.9) and disease-free survival (DFS HR:4.9, 95%CI: 2.2-11.4 compared to double-negative (64.5% vs 90.3% DSS, 41.9% vs 12.5% relapse rate). beta-catenin alone didn't predict outcome but contributed to prognostic refinement when combined with L1CAM status. This prognostic gradient persisted in the pMMR/p53wt subgroup (L1CAM + mean DFS: 21.7 months vs double-negative: 69.6 months;p <= 0.001). The combined L1CAM/beta-catenin IHC profile categorized patients into prognostically distinct categories and offers pragmatic prognostic refinement, particularly for pMMR/p53wt tumors in centers lacking POLE sequencing. This approach doesn't replace comprehensive molecular testing and requires prospective validation before clinical implementation.

关键词： Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)   metabolomics   nitrogen metabolism   photorespiration   primary metabolism   proteomics   transcriptomics   Yucca  

摘要： Integrated transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses reveal extensive reorganization of primary metabolism, and highlight the importance of post-transcriptional regulation in Yucca associated with the evolution of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism. Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) is an adaptation that temporally separates carbon uptake at night from photosynthesis during the day. CAM has evolved repeatedly across vascular plants, as its emergence may depend on simple regulatory changes to deeply conserved metabolic pathways. Modern CAM research relies heavily on interpretation of transcriptomic data, though regulation occurs at multiple levels following transcription. Additionally, while most research to date has focused on a handful of genes and metabolites in the core CAM pathway, the co-option of conserved regulatory and functional genes is bound to have wide-ranging effects on other aspects of primary metabolism. In this study, we integrate transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic data to compare primary metabolism between the CAM species Yucca aloifolia and closely related C3 species, Y. filamentosa. We observe minimal correlation between protein abundance and mRNA expression, suggesting significant post-transcriptional regulation in CAM species. We also find evidence of shifts in gene expression and metabolite accumulation outside of the central CAM pathway, suggesting that the shift to CAM has cascading effects across primary metabolism, especially nitrogen metabolism. Our findings provide insights into the metabolic shifts associated with CAM evolution, and highlight the complexity of its regulation at multiple biological levels.

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