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关键词： 纯棉机织物   产品碳足迹   碳排放因子   核算   纺织   生命周期  

摘要： 探讨纯棉机织物产品相关的碳足迹核算方法。以纯棉机织物产品作为研究对象，参考国内外相关文献资料，研究其碳足迹核算方法，并以纯棉机织物生产企业为例开展碳足迹评估，探索在其生命周期中温室气体排放的关键因子。结果表明:该企业的纯棉机织物产品碳足迹为8 573.35 kgCO2e/t，其中，生产阶段碳排放占比最高，达63.06%，是纯棉机织物碳足迹的核心来源；原材料获取阶段占比次之，为36.83%，是仅次于生产阶段的关键排放环节；交付阶段碳排放占比低，仅为0.11%，对整体碳足迹影响微弱。认为：生产制造阶段是降低碳足迹和产品绿色低碳升级的最主要环节；该研究结果可为企业后续进行产品绿色低碳升级提供指导和建议，为棉纺织行业碳排放基础数据提供参考。

关键词： coronary plaque   risk stratification   AI  

摘要：

关键词： cancer awareness   early diagnosis   early prevention behaviour   questionnaire   validation  

摘要： Background: The Cancer Research UK Cancer Awareness Measure (CRUK CAM) was introduced in 2008 as the first psychometrically validated survey of public attitudes, awareness and behaviours across cancer prevention, screening and early diagnosis. CRUK regularly collects CAM data in the UK to inform strategic planning. The measure has been modified over time in response to changes in the research, policy and practice landscape. Our aim is to revalidate the most recent CAM 'Plus' (CAM+) to ensure the measure remains accurate, reliable, valid, and relevant over time. Methods: There will be four phases, running from 2023 to 2026, with the CAM + being revised after each phase. Phase 1 will start by auditing the CAM + against a behaviour change framework, i.e., the COM-B, postulating that to engage in a Behaviour (B a person must have the Capability (C) and Opportunity (O) to exhibit that behaviour, as well as the Motivation (M) to demonstrate it at a specific moment. This phase will also include (a) scoping literature reviews;(b) a face validity assessment, to check CRUK and scientific evidence needs and identify gaps in the survey;and c) a readability assessment using the Hemingway App to check for long complex sentences. Phase 2 will focus on content validity, using two stages of cognitive interviews with members of the public to assess comprehension and clarity. The first stage will use a 'Think Aloud' methodology to identify potential problem areas;while the second stage will use the four-stage model of cognitive interviewing to understand how people comprehend, retrieve, judge, and respond to questions. In Phase 3, we will conduct exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis to inform further refinements to the measure. In Phase 4, we will assess a) construct validity, by comparing responses of cancer experts and non-cancer experts;(b) reliability, using the test-retest approach;and (c) responsiveness, using sensitivity to change to questions in CAM+, following a brief

关键词： FAPs   calcium signaling   CaM   FTO-m6A-RUNX1T1 axis   adipogenesis   calcium channel blockers  

摘要： Intermuscular fat infiltration driven by fibro-adipogenic progenitors contributes to the irreversible progression of sarcopenia and reflects a fate shift associated with altered calcium signaling. Using FAP-based adipogenesis models, structural and biochemical analyses, transcriptomic profiling, and in vivo drug exposure studies, we found that Ca²⁺ influx dyshomeostasis promotes adipogenic commitment by triggering calmodulin remodeling, dissociation of the KCNQ1-CaM-FTO complex, nuclear translocation of FTO, and m6A-dependent alternative splicing of RUNX1T1. This cascade reduces the lipogenesis-restrictive RUNX1T1-L isoform and reinforces the C/EBPα-PPARγ positive feedback loop. RUNX1T1-L restoration corrected adipogenesis, stemness, and senescence defects more broadly than FTO inhibition, whereas amlodipine increased mesenteric fat accumulation and was associated with steatotic liver change in mice. These findings link calcium signaling to RNA processing-dependent fate control and highlight potential metabolic liabilities of broad calcium channel blockade.

关键词： artificial intelligence   CADRADS   cardiac computed tomography   coronary artery disease   myocardial ischemia  

摘要： Purpose To evaluate the capability of four publicly available Large language models (LLMs) to assign Coronary Artery Disease-Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) scores and provide patient management recommendations based on synthetic coronary CT angiography (CCTA) reports.Methods Four LLMs (ChatGPT 4o, Claude 3.7, DeepSeek, and Gemini 2.5 Pro) were tasked with analyzing reports and suggesting next steps. Prompts were framed from the perspective of both a cardiologist and a radiologist. Agreement with a human reference standard was assessed using weighted Cohen's kappa, Fleiss' kappa, and Krippendorff's alpha for CAD-RADS scoring, and unweighted Cohen's kappa for management recommendations. A Bayesian Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to assess directional bias.Results Performance variations were observed across LLMs and prompt identities. Claude-3.7 achieved almost perfect agreement for CAD-RADS scoring (kappa = 0.997) regardless of prompt identity, Gemini similarly achieved almost perfect agreement (radiologist: kappa = 0.962;cardiologist: kappa = 0.990 ChatGPT demonstrated almost perfect agreement when prompted as a radiologist (kappa = 0.896) but only substantial agreement when prompted as a cardiologist (kappa = 0.715). DeepSeek showed the lowest overall performance (radiologist: kappa = 0.637;cardiologist: kappa = 0.768). By category, all LLMs correctly identified CAD-RADS 0, whereas higher-grade stenosis (4A/4B) remained the most challenging, with non-Claude models showing low-to-null agreement in some configurations. The LLMs' accuracy in proposing further management was considerably lower than their scoring accuracy, with CAD-RADS 3 showing the greatest variability in management recommendations across models and between human specialists. Furthermore, both CAD-RADS scoring and management recommendations varied depending on the professional identity specified in the prompt.Conclusion While LLMs demonstrated reliable scoring performance for lower-grade

关键词： blood-brain barrier   HMGB1   JEV   network pharmacology   trifluoperazine  

摘要： The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is crucial for maintaining the function and homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS with astrocytes playing a key role in this process. Our study found that infection with the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) promoted the translocation of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) from the nucleus to the extracellular space of astrocytes, a process directly associated with BBB disruption. Through bioinformatics analysis, we identified potential targets of encephalitis and constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Subsequent functional enrichment analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, highlighted the calcium signaling pathway as an important regulatory mechanism. Evidence from our in vitro and in vivo model experiments showed that HMGB1 can induce the increase of calcium ions (Ca & sup2;+) in astrocytes, thereby activating the calcium signaling pathway and promoting the translocation of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) to the plasma membrane, ultimately leading to BBB disruption. We also performed molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to determine the binding affinity between trifluoperazine (TFP) and calmodulin (CaM). TFP binds to CaM and blocks the translocation of AQP4 to the plasma membrane, thereby alleviating HMGB1-mediated BBB disruption. Overall, our data indicate that TFP protects BBB integrity through the CaM-CaMKII-AQP4 axis and identifies this pathway as a promising therapeutic target for the clinical treatment of Japanese encephalitis and other central nervous system diseases.

关键词： CAD/CAM materials   CIE white-LED illuminant   CIEDE2000   color inconsistency   substrate  

摘要： Objective To assess how the CIE white LED illuminants and substrate shade impact the color inconstancy of high-translucency CAD/CAM materials. Materials and Methods From the spectral reflectance factors of Lava Ultimate-LU, Grandio blocks-GB, VITA Enamic-VE, and VITA Mark II-M specimens (n = 3/material) measured on nine background shades (ND1-ND9 the corresponding colors under D65, A, and nine CIE white LED illuminants were computed using the CIECAT16. Color differences (Delta E-00) between specimens illuminated by the D65 and other illuminants were determined. The total color differences were evaluated in terms of the corresponding variation in lightness, chroma, and hue to calculate %Delta L-00, %Delta C-00, and %Delta H-00. Delta E-00 data were compared to perceptible and acceptable thresholds. Results Overall, all materials exhibited acceptable color mismatch for LEDs B3, B4, and B5 and all ND shades, with exceptions for ND6. RGB produced the highest Delta E-00 values, indicating an unacceptable match (Delta E-00 > 5.4). Less saturated ND1 and ND9 resulted in the smallest Delta E-00 values. %Delta L-00, %Delta C-00, and %Delta H-00 values revealed that color differences were primarily due to changes in chroma and/or hue across all different materials, illuminants, and substrate shades. Conclusions The color inconstancy of CAD/CAM materials was affected by the CIE white LED illuminants and by substrate shade. The findings highlight the importance of considering substrate shade and illuminant type on the color appearance of restorative materials, with implications for material selection in esthetically demanding clinical scenarios. This is especially relevant for translucent restorations planned over dark and saturated abutment teeth.

关键词： 二组分定量   非纤维物质   函数系统误差   函数随机误差   极限误差分配  

摘要： 为评估纤维含量检验项目中纺织品二组分化学分析结果的准确性，从误差分析角度，阐释了含有非纤维物质的二组分定量化学分析试验中影响测试准确性的有关因素。按照误差理论，结合试验实际，在二组分化学分析定量试验中，根据试样、残余物的干燥质量对不溶组分净干质量分数的影响，分析其对函数系统误差与随机误差的影响规律，得出含有非纤维物质的纤维含量测试结果小于真值；试验方案应优先选择溶解质量占比大的组分；样重随机误差对纤维含量随机误差的影响恒小于余重随机误差对含量随机误差的影响。将纤维含量允差作为给定测量结果总极限误差，采取调整的按可能性误差分配方式，分配给自变量，得到两自变量极限误差的分布规律。在不考虑具体试验随机误差条件下，当试样中非纤维物质含量低于16.5%时，残余物中非纤维物质含量低于9.0%，检测结果仍可满足标准允差要求。通过实际检验样品与自制含干扰二组分标准贴衬样品进行验证，结果表明误差规律与极限误差分配方法可靠、有效。

关键词： deep margin elevation   gap   self-adhesive resin composite   glass-ceramic inlay   lithium disilicate   micro-CT   CAD/CAM   cervical margin relocation  

摘要： Deep margin elevation (DME) is a conservative technique used to relocate subgingival proximal margins to a more favorable supragingival position, facilitating adhesive procedures and impression taking. This in vitro study evaluated the influence of two DME materials-a universal flowable resin composite and a self-adhesive flowable resin composite-on the cervical interfacial sealing ability of lithium disilicate glass-ceramic CAD/CAM inlay restorations. Twenty extracted maxillary premolars were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 10). Group A received DME using a universal flowable resin composite (3M (TM) Filtek (TM) Z350 XT) preceded by a conventional adhesive system, while Group B received DME using a self-adhesive flowable resin composite (Vertise (TM) Flow). All teeth were restored with lithium disilicate CAD/CAM inlays (CEREC Tessera) cemented with a self-adhesive resin cement (Breeze (R)). Specimens underwent thermocycling (10,000 cycles;5-55 degrees C). Marginal gaps were assessed at the DME interface using high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) in both coronal and sagittal cross-sections, before and after thermocycling. Statistically significant differences were found between groups in both sections before and after thermocycling (p < 0.05). The self-adhesive composite (Group B) demonstrated significantly lower gap values compared to the universal flowable composite (Group A) in both coronal and sagittal assessments. Thermocycling increased the gap in both groups;however, Group B maintained considerably lower leakage. The self-adhesive resin composite showed superior sealing ability at the DME interface compared to the universal flowable composite when used under lithium disilicate glass-ceramic inlay restorations. Further clinical studies are recommended to validate these findings.

关键词： Femoroacetabular impingement   Cam   Pincer   Hip   Prevalence   Epidemiology  

摘要： PurposeTo determine the global, population-based prevalence of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS radiological cam, pincer, and mixed morphologies, as well as normative values for the alpha angle and lateral centre-edge angle (LCEA) in the adult general population.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to October 2025 for population-based studies reporting the prevalence of FAIS, prevalence of radiological cam, pincer, or mixed morphologies, and/or alpha angle and LCEA in the adult general population. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist for prevalence studies.Results18 studies from eight countries (n = 72,852;mean age 63.8, range 20-96) were included. Only one study (n = 500) reported FAIS prevalence of 3.0% [95%CI: 1.5%-4.5%]. Prevalence of radiological cam, pincer, and mixed morphologies ranged between 7.3%-38.2%, 7.6%-17.9%, and 1.41%-1.60% respectively. Reported alpha angles ranged between 43.6 degrees and 55.0 degrees, and reported LCEA ranged between 29.9 degrees and 39.4 degrees. Definitions varied for cam (alpha angle >= 60 degrees in 63.6%) and pincer morphologies (LCEA >= 40 degrees in 62.5% with 14 studies (78%) relying solely on AP radiographs for analysis. Only two studies (11%) came from a low- or middle-income country.ConclusionPopulation-based studies on the prevalence of FAIS are scarce, leaving its true prevalence largely unknown. Studies reporting the prevalence of radiological cam, pincer, and mixed morphologies exhibit considerable heterogeneity in diagnostic criteria and imaging modalities. High-quality, population-representative studies using standardized criteria and three-dimensional imaging techniques are needed to improve understanding of the global burden of FAIS and its associated radiological morphologies.