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关键词： coronary artery disease   testosterone   Mendelian randomization   survival analysis   testosterone supplementation  

摘要： Context Testosterone supplementation is increasingly widespread and has well-established beneficial effects on sexual function and metabolic health. However, there remains uncertainty regarding associated cardiovascular *** Human genetics studies demonstrated that Mendelian randomization approaches recapitulate the beneficial effects of testosterone therapy;here we apply this to cardiovascular *** We performed a Mendelian randomization study to assess the causal effect of higher circulating testosterone on coronary artery disease (CAD). We also tested the phenotypic association between measured circulating testosterone and CAD in the cohort of men aged 40 to *** or Other Participants Testosterone genetic instrument data were derived from 425 097 European ancestry adults from the UK Biobank study and CAD from single nucleotide polymorphism-level summary statistics from 1 165 690 individuals in *** Outcome Measure(s) CAD as defined in CARDIoGRAMplusC4D was the main outcome. In longitudinal analyses, CAD was defined according to medical records and *** We found that higher genetically predicted circulating testosterone conferred a higher risk of CAD in men [odds ratio (OR): 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.27, P = 3.32 x 10-4]. There was no evidence of an effect in women (OR: 1.01, 95% CI 0.94-1.10, P = .73). The genetic association in men appeared to be mediated by higher blood pressure. In longitudinal observational analyses, a directionally opposite association was observed in men, likely arising due to confounding by type 2 diabetes and body mass *** These data suggest that increased testosterone may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and that this safety concern should be a focus in future clinical trials for testosterone supplementation.

关键词： Editorials   decision making   humans   ischemia   myocardial infarction  

关键词： Air abrasion   Pretreatment   Reactivation   CAD-CAM   Sandblasting  

摘要： This study evaluated the effects of various surface pretreatments using chairside air abrasion with water injection or laboratory sandblasting devices on the shear bond strength of resin luting agents to three CAD-CAM prosthetic materials: resin composites, glass ceramics, and zirconia. Pretreatments included air abrasion with water injection (29 & micro;m or 53 & micro;m alumina or bioactive glass powder), conventional sandblasting with 50 & micro;m alumina, and hydrofluoric acid etching for glass ceramics. Specimens were prepared after embedding the blocks. Surface roughness was measured after pretreatment, and shear bond strength was tested following cementation. Failure modes were analyzed using an optical profilometer. Results showed that air abrasion with 50 & micro;m alumina, whether using a chairside device with water injection or a laboratory sandblasting device, produced comparable bond strength. These findings suggest that chairside air abrasion with 50 & micro;m alumina is a clinically viable alternative to laboratory sandblasting for surface treatment of CAD-CAM prosthetic materials.

关键词： C1s inhibitor   cold agglutinin disease   long-term follow-up   sutimlimab  

摘要： Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a low-grade lymphoproliferative disorder accounting for 15%-30% of patients suffering from autoimmune hemolytic anemias. The clonal B cells produce autoantibodies primarily of the IgM-kappa class that cause agglutination of red blood cells (RBCs) at temperatures <= 37 degrees C and activate the classical complement pathway with subsequent RBC destruction. Before the approval of the monoclonal antibody sutimlimab, treatment options were limited. Sutimlimab inhibits the classical complement pathway at C1s while sparing the lectin and alternative complement pathways. Efficacy, safety and tolerability of sutimlimab have been established in the multicenter CARDINAL and CADENZA trials. In the present investigation, 10 patients on sutimlimab were followed up to 96 weeks in the Managed Access Program (MAP) in Essen. Eight of these patients had previously participated in the multicenter trials and were restarted on sutimlimab after a median washout period of 12.6 weeks. In addition, two sutimlimab-naive patients were included. Hemoglobin concentration increased in all patients (median hemoglobin concentration before therapy 9.8 vs. 12.5 g/dL at the end of the study). Bilirubin levels normalized already after 2 weeks in all patients. Reticulocyte count declined in nine, haptoglobin and hemopexin concentrations normalized in six and 10 patients, respectively. In conclusion, the present investigation with primary CAD patients in a single center demonstrates long-term normalization of laboratory parameters, abrogation of specific clinical symptoms and absence of drug-related side effects with sutimlimab.

关键词： Digital twins   Geometric coherence   Spatial mapping   Anchor   Augmented reality  

摘要： This paper presents an augmented reality framework designed for real-time positioning and orientation synchronization of CAD models within physical environments, with a specific focus on maintaining digital twin coherence. A key advantage of this framework is its autonomy in two aspects: (1) it does not require the physical environment to be equipped with tags or other devices, relying only on identifying stable reference items within the real space;and (2) it operates independently of web connectivity, allowing offline functionality and making it particularly suitable for workshop environments, where data synchronization can occur at a later stage. The framework addresses the challenges of achieving accurate indoor positioning and orientation, particularly in the absence of GPS signals, by integrating advanced technologies such as SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping), visual-based methods, and AR-based anchoring systems. We detail the experimental setup used to evaluate the framework's efficiency, comparing its performance with existing solutions like Azure Spatial Anchors and QR image targets under various conditions. Our findings highlight the framework's robustness and precision in maintaining geometric coherence, demonstrating its practical applicability in diverse industrial and operational contexts. The proposed solution offers significant improvements in spatial mapping, error correction, and system adaptability, thereby enhancing the overall reliability and functionality of digital twins in real-world applications.

摘要： This study finds that the plant salt tolerance core regulator SOS gene family has evolution and structural-functional differentiation linked to C3, C4, and CAM pathways; C4 plants' SOS1/2/CIPK8 form a unique clade, and specific variations drive its functional divergence across different lineages.

关键词： Hip   Femoroacetabular impingement   Musculoskeletal artificial intelligence   Computed tomography  

摘要： ObjectivesFemoroacetabular impingement (FAI) with cam-type morphology is a common hip disorder that can result in groin pain and eventually osteoarthritis. The pre-operative assessment is based on parameters obtained from x-ray or computed tomography (CT) scans, namely alpha angle (AA) and femoral head-neck offset (FHNO). The goal of our study was to develop a computer-aided detection (CAD) system to automatically select the hip region and measure diagnostic parameters from CT scans to overcome the limitations of the tedious and time-consuming process of subjectively selecting CT image slices to obtain *** and methods271 cases of ordinary abdominopelvic CT examination were collected retrospectively from two hospitals between 2018 and 2022, each equipped with a distinct CT scanner. First, a convolution neural network (CNN) was designed to select hip region slices among abdominopelvic CT scan image series. This CNN was trained using 80 CT scans divided into 50%, 20%, and 30% for training, validation and testing groups, respectively. Second, the most appropriate oblique slice passing through the femoral head-neck complex was selected, and AA and FHNO landmarks were calculated using image-processing algorithms. The best oblique slices were selected/measured manually for each hip as ground truth and its related *** hip-region selection using CNN yielded 99.34% accuracy. Pearson correlation coefficient between manual and automatic parameters measurement were 0.964 and 0.856 for AA and FHNO, *** results of this study are promising for future development of a CAD software application for screening CT scans that may aid physicians to assess *** PointsQuestionFemoroacetabular impingement is a common, underdiagnosed hip disorder requiring time-consuming image-based measurements. Can AI improve the efficiency and consistency of its radiologic assessment?FindingsAutomated slice selection and landmark detection using a

关键词： CRISPR Cas9   hormone   metamorphosis   RTK   silkworm  

摘要： Moulting and metamorphosis are fundamental physiological processes in the growth and development of holometabolous insects, primarily regulated by ecdysteroids and juvenile hormone (JH), which are synthesized and secreted by the prothoracic gland and corpora allata, respectively. However, the signalling regulatory network involved in the synthesis of these hormones and their effects is complex and interactive and involves many unidentified functional genes. In this study, we conducted a basic bioinformatics analysis of the CAD96CA gene and obtained CAD96CA mutants at the individual level in domestic silkworms using the CRISPR-Cas9 technology. We analysed the growth, development and silk protein synthesis phenotypes of the mutants and detected the synthesis and signalling effects of 20E and JH. The results revealed that knocking out the CAD96CA gene resulted in inhibited larval growth, reduced silk protein production, hindered larval-pupal transition and led to larval mortality. The synthesis of 20E and its signalling pathways, as well as the signalling pathways of JH, were all affected to varying degrees following CAD96CA knockout. Our study elucidates the role of CAD96CA in the growth and development of silkworms and provides a reference for studying metamorphosis mechanisms.

关键词： biaxial flexural strength   CAD/CAM ceramics   esthetic dentistry   lithium disilicate ceramics   scanning electron microscopy  

摘要： Objective: This study aimed to assess and compare the biaxial flexural strength (BFS) and microstructure of lithium-based CAD/CAM ceramics. Material and Methods: Eighty disc-shaped specimens were fabricated from four distinct Lithium-containing CAD/CAM ceramic blocks. Twenty samples were allocated to each category: IPS *** CAD, GC LiSi Block, CEREC Tessera, and an unbranded ceramic. Universal testing machine equipment facilitated BFS testing in compliance with ISO 6872:2015 standards. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) alongside energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques were employed for analysis of microstructural properties. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test comprised the statistical evaluation, with a significance level of alpha = 0.05. Calculations of the Weibull modulus (m) and characteristic strength (sigma(0)) determined material reliability. Results: CEREC Tessera showed the highest mean biaxial flexure strength and characteristic strength (biaxial flexure strength: 580.6 +/- 208, sigma(0) = 659 MPa). GC LiSi Block showed the lowest values (biaxial flexure strength: 351 +/- 71 MPa, sigma(0) = 381 MPa). Statistically significant differences appeared between GC LiSi Block and the other groups (p < 0.05). No differences appeared among IPS *** CAD, CEREC Tessera, and the unbranded ceramic (p > 0.05). SEM analysis revealed rod-like lithium disilicate crystals in IPS *** CAD and the unbranded material, whereas CEREC Tessera and GC LiSi Block exhibited spherical crystals, indicating substantial microstructural variation. Zirconia peaks appeared only in IPS *** CAD. Conclusions: Differences in biaxial flexure strength and microstructure appeared among the tested ceramics. GC LiSi Block showed the lowest mechanical performance. IPS *** CAD, CEREC Tessera, and the unbranded material showed similar values. Both research hypotheses gained support.

关键词： arteries   fibromuscular dysplasia   ischemic stroke   migraine disorders   recurrence   risk factors  

摘要： BACKGROUND:Patients with cervical artery dissection (CeAD) may experience a recurrent dissection, but its frequency, risk factors, and clinical implications are not well defined. We aimed to determine the risk, associated factors, and clinical impact of recurrent ***:The STOP-CAD study (Antithrombotic Treatment for Stroke Prevention in Cervical Artery Dissection) was a multicenter international retrospective observational study of patients with CeAD treated between January 2015 and June 2022. Recurrent dissection was defined as a CeAD occurring at least 7 days after the diagnosis of the index event that affects a different artery or a different segment of the same artery. Patients were followed from day 7 up to 2 years. The absolute risk of recurrent CeAD over time was calculated using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression models were used to assess predictors of CeAD ***:Of the 4023 patients included in STOP-CAD, 3836 (median age 46 years, 45% women) were eligible for this analysis. During a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 295 (97-720) days, 88 (2.29%) patients had a CeAD recurrence. Median time-to-recurrent CeAD was 53 (interquartile range, 18-157) days. The estimated risk of recurrent CeAD at 2 years was 3.22% (95% CI, 2.59%-4.00%). In multivariable analyses, younger age (adjusted odds ratios, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.96-0.99]), migraine (adjusted odds ratio, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.14-3.07]), and fibromuscular dysplasia (adjusted odds ratio, 2.90 [95% CI, 1.66-5.06]) were associated with CeAD recurrence, while presenting with an ischemic stroke was associated with a lower likelihood of recurrence (adjusted odds ratio, 0.47 [95% CI, 0.29-0.75]). These associations with CeAD recurrence over time were confirmed by Cox regression analyses. Among the 88 patients with recurrent CeAD, only 5 had accompanying ischemic events (3 strokes, 2 transient ischemic attacks).CONCLUSIONS:In this retrospective study, recurrent