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关键词： adhesive cement   artificial aging   immediate loading   provisional CAD-CAM crowns   tensile strength   titanium base  

摘要： Purpose: To assess the adhesive bond strength of two provisional screw-retained computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) crowns bonded to titanium bases (TiB) following artificial aging, tensile testing, and failure mode analysis. Materials and Methods: Ninety CAD-CAM hybrid abutment crowns (HAC) were evaluated: poly(methyl)-methacrylate ([PMMA], n = 40), polymer-infiltrated ceramic network ([PICN], n = 40), and lithium disilicate ceramic ([LS2], n = 10, control). HACs were cemented to TiB (internal hex, 4.3 mm diameter, 4 mm height, n = 90) using two permanent resin-based cements. Artificial aging was performed via thermocycling (5000 cycles, 5 degrees C-55 degrees C). Tensile bond strength (TBS) was assessed, and failure mode distribution was analyzed using loupes magnification and scanning electron microscopy. Non-parametric tests were used due to non-normal data. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests compared cement and crown type impact on TBS. Chi-square tests analyzed differences in failure mode and dominant cement location. Results: All specimens withstood artificial aging. One LS2 sample was excluded after exceeding the testing limit (>1118 N). PICN demonstrated the highest median TBS (749.8 N), significantly outperforming PMMA (p < 0.001) and LS2 (p = 0.029, unadjusted pairwise Mann-Whitney U). Cement type was not a statistically significant factor within material groups. Mixed failure modes (79.8%) were predominant, and adhesive failures accounted for 20.2%. Cement remnants were primarily localized on the TiB surface (49.4%). Conclusion: PICN exhibited superior bonding performance, indicating its suitability for immediate loading in implant-supported restorations. In contrast, PMMA may require modified cementation protocols to achieve optimal retention. These findings provide critical insights for material selection in prosthetic rehabilitation.

关键词： atherosclerosis   cardiac risk   primary prevention   risk factor   CAD   coronary artery disease   CCTA   coronary computed tomography angiography   FFR CT   CT-derived fractional flow reserve   LAD   left anterior descending artery   LCx   left circumflex artery   LDL-C   low-density lipoprotein cholesterol   PPG CT   CT-derived pressure pullback gradient   TPV   total plaque volume  

摘要： Aggressive lipid-lowering therapy may lead to regression of atherosclerosis; there are scarce data supporting such an approach for improving coronary physiological indexes. Serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol is the primary target for lipid-lowering therapy. Computed tomography (CT)–derived assessments of plaque composition and coronary physiology are promising targets for individualized lipid-lowering strategies.

关键词： amyloidosis   cardiomyopathy   diagnostic delay   transthyretin   ATTR-CM   transthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy   ATTRv   variant ATTR-CM   ATTRwt   wild-type ATTR-CM   CAD   coronary artery disease   CKD   chronic kidney disease   COPD   chronic obstructive pulmonary disease   EHR   electronic health record   HF   heart failure   ICD   International Classification of Diseases   TTR   transthyretin   VA   Department of Veterans Affairs   VHA   Veterans Health Administration  

摘要： Timely diagnosis and treatment are critical to reduce morbidity and mortality for patients with transthyretin amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). Limited existing data suggest underdiagnosis of ATTR-CM and inequity in predictors of diagnosis patterns.

关键词： nanoparticles   imidazole   chorioallantoic membrane   chicken   toxicology  

摘要： Due to the increasing antibiotic resistance of microorganisms, chronic diseases, and cancer, new-generation drugs such as imidazole derivatives are being sought. Recent advances in nanotechnology enable the potential use of nanomaterials, especially nanoparticles, as drug carriers for such compounds, but also systems capable of crossing biological barriers. This study aimed to perform a preliminary toxicological assessment of nanoparticles containing BzIm-DEA ((Z)-5-benzylidene-3-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]-2-phenyl-3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazol-4-one) embedded in chitosan films, using chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) as an alternative in vivo test. Fertilized chicken eggs were treated with this therapeutic agent at various concentrations of BzIm-DEA and incubated until the 11th day of embryogenesis. No morphological abnormalities, angiogenesis-related disorders, or increased mortality were observed in any of the experimental groups. A significant increase in Apaf-1 mRNA expression was detected in CAM tissue at a dose of D3 BzIm-DEA, while no significant changes were observed for caspase-3 and catalase compared to the control group. Moreover, no changes in gene expression were observed in the liver. Immunohistochemical localization and analysis of PCNA and b-catenin expression in chicken embryonic liver did not reveal any dose-dependent changes. Within the scope of this preliminary assessment, chitosan nanoparticles loaded with BzIm-DEA did not produce gross acute embryotoxicity or major disruptions to angiogenic development under the tested conditions, providing preliminary evidence of biocompatibility as a nanoparticle carrier system.

关键词： mammography   breast cancer   breast density   artificial intelligence  

摘要： Background/Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of Breast-SlimView (R), a deep convolutional neural network for the automatic classification of BI-RADS and breast density in MLO (mediolateral oblique) and CC (craniocaudal) views. Methods: A total of 9560 mammographic images from 2390 Mexican women (age: 54.14 +/- 8.72 years) were labeled according to ACR (American College of Radiology) density (A-D) and BI-RADS 1, 2, and 3 (low risk), and BI-RADS 4 and 5 (high risk). All mammograms in the test dataset were blinded and read by two radiologists, and the consensus was taken as the reference standard. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the automated AI-based classification system was evaluated against the consensus reached by expert radiologists. Results: The classification of MLO and CC projections had a mean sensitivity of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.797-0.829), a specificity of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.686-0.722), and an accuracy of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.698-0.734) in differentiating between low and high risk. Good agreement was observed with ACR breast density classifications A, B, C, and D. Agreement between AI and human readers was "substantial" (Pearson's chi-square, p = 0.001). Conclusions: AI enables accurate, standardized, observer independent classification.

关键词： dental abutments   dental implant-abutment design   finite element analysis   titanium base  

摘要： Objectives This study investigates how titanium-base (Ti-base) abutment height, crown design, and force angulation affect biomechanics in an anterior single-implant restoration, using finite element *** and Methods A three-dimensional anterior maxilla model was constructed with linear elastic properties. Two Ti-base heights (3.5, 5.5 mm) and two crown heights (8, 11 mm) were tested as monolithic zirconia or bilayer (zirconia core veneered with lithium disilicate). A 146 N load was applied at the cingulum at 45 degrees or 65 degrees. von Mises stress (VMS) was computed in the crown, abutment, and surrounding *** A 3.5 mm Ti-base with an 8 mm monolithic zirconia crown (SSZ) produced the lowest crown and abutment VMS. The highest crown VMS occurred in the 11 mm bilayer crown on a 5.5 mm Ti-base (LLZEX) at 45 degrees, while the highest abutment VMS occurred in the 3.5 mm Ti-base with an 8 mm bilayer crown (SSZEX) at 65 degrees. An increase in crown height raises crown stresses, whereas the impact of abutment height depends on configuration and angle. In bone, 45 degrees loading increased VMS compared with 65 degrees across all *** In anterior single-implant models, the lowest restoration stresses were achieved with a short crown on a 3.5-mm Ti-base and monolithic zirconia. Long crowns (11 mm) increased crown stresses, and abutment height should be tailored to material and anticipated loading direction rather than adjusted by a single rule. Oblique loading consistently raised bone stress compared with 65 degrees, underscoring the need to optimize for axial force transmission.

关键词： italic>Oenanthe javanica   cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase   lignin   gene family   expression analysis  

摘要： Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) is essential for the synthesis of plant lignin precursors and the response to various abiotic stresses. In this study, we identified 17 OjCAD genes distributed across the genome of Oenanthe javanica. The members of the OjCAD gene family were unevenly distributed on six chromosomes, and subcellular localization was predicted in the cytoplasm. Based on phylogenetic analysis, these OjCADs were divided into four groups. Members in group I, containing OjCAD15 and OjCAD17, are the core regulatory genes involved in lignin synthesis. The conserved region of protein sequence contained two Zn2+ binding motifs and NADP(H) cofactor-binding motifs, which belonged to the typical CAD protein. Collinearity analysis showed that there were two tandem repeats and three fragment repeats in OjCAD gene, and there were three pairs of collinear gene pairs. A cis-acting element component analysis displayed that most CAD genes were involved in mediating responses to light, stress, and plant hormones. Following GA3 treatment, the lignin content in petioles and leaf blades of water dropwort initially increased significantly, leading to a decline in palatability. In contrast, lignin content decreased markedly after uniconazole treatment. Anatomical structure analysis and UV fluorescence in the petiole also confirmed the results. In the expression profiling analysis and RT-qPCR results, the expression trend of OjCAD16 in leaves was consistent with the transcriptional expression profile. Following GA3 treatment, the gene expression changes in petioles for four genes (OjCAD13, OjCAD15, OjCAD16, and OjCAD17) aligned with the trends in lignin content, suggesting they may positively regulate lignin synthesis in O. javanica. These findings highlighted the multifunctional role of the CAD gene family in regulating lignin in water dropwort under gibberellin action, providing a potential basis for improving flavor quality by modulating lignin content.

关键词： Complementary and alternative medicine   CAM   Level of satisfaction   Osteoarthritis  

摘要： Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) refers to nonconventional methods used to treat diseases and has been gaining global acceptance, including in Palestine. The growing interest in CAM and its various modalities highlights the need to understand its prevalence, types, and associated patient satisfaction among osteoarthritis (OA) patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted among OA patients attending hospitals in the study setting. Eligible participants were interviewed face-to-face via a structured questionnaire adapted from a previous regional study and developed on the basis of a comprehensive literature review. The data collected included sociodemographic characteristics, CAM use, and satisfaction levels. Of the 399 participants, 252 (63.2%) reported using CAM for OA management. Commonly used therapies include herbal medicine (49.9%), dietary supplements (26.6%), and various forms of prophetic medicine. Most CAM users reported a noticeable level of satisfaction with the therapies they used. CAM use is prevalent among OA patients in northern Palestine. This highlights the need to increase public awareness of CAM practices and their potential interactions with conventional treatments. Healthcare providers should stay informed about CAM options to guide patients appropriately. Further research is needed to establish stronger evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of CAM.

摘要： Capsid assembly modulators (CAMs) represent a promising antiviral strategy against hepatitis B virus (HBV), but their effects on pre-formed capsids remain incompletely understood. Here, all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of intact HBV capsids complexed with prototypical CAM-As (HAP1, HAP18) and CAM-Es (AT130), reveal how structural changes induced by small molecule binding in the interdimer interfaces propagate through the shell lattice to yield global morphological consequences. Each quasi-equivalent interface exhibits a unique response: A sites, located within the pentameric capsomers, are unfilled in these systems and altered marginally by the presence of CAMs in neighboring interfaces. B sites are the most open and "CAM-ready," suggesting uptake requires minimal conformational perturbation on the local or global level. C sites emerge as hubs of allosteric control and the key drug target, as their occupancy creates local distortion that is broadcast to adjacent sites, driving capsid faceting and - in the case of CAM-As - the destabilization that precedes dissociation in favor of aberrant assembly. D sites, unfilled in these systems, act as structural sinks, absorbing distortions from adjacent interfaces within the hexameric capsomers. The extent of C site adjustment and the nature of D site counterbalance varies with CAM chemotype, highlighting the divergent effects of CAM-As versus CAM-Es. The tensegrity relationship between the four quasi-equivalent interfaces couples them into a global network for strain redistribution that is functionally allosteric, with CAM binding sites displaying signs of both positive and negative cooperativity. These new insights into HBV capsid dynamics clarify how CAMs alter them on the microsecond timescale and suggest that targeting strain redistribution in mature core particles could be leveraged therapeutically.

关键词： 3D printing   Antacids   Composite resins, Computer-Aided design   Surface properties   Dental materials  

摘要： Background This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and an alginate-based antacid on the surface roughness and color stability of two additively manufactured (AM) and one subtractively manufactured (SM) resin-based restorative materials.
Methods A total of 168 disc-shaped specimens (10x2 mm) were fabricated from two AM resin composites (Bego VarseoSmile TriniQ [AM-VS] and Saremco Crowntec [AM-C]) and one SM nano-ceramic hybrid (Voco Grandio blocs [SM-V]). Specimens were distributed into seven subgroups (n = 8) based on immersion media: distilled water (control);SGF mixed with artificial saliva (AS) at ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5;and the same mixtures with 10% alginate-based antacid (Gaviscon"). All solutions were refreshed daily and maintained at 37 degrees C with gentle agitation for 48 h. Surface roughness (Ra) was measured with a contact profilometer, and color stability (Delta Eoo) was assessed with a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using mixed-model ANOVA and post hoc tests (a = 0.05)
Results Immersion in SGF + AS increased Delta Eoo and Ra values in all materials compared with distilled water (p < 0.001) The highest color change was observed in AM-C at SGF+AS (1:5) (1.87 +/- 0.30), whereas SM-V showed the lowest Delta Eoo values (1.55 +/- 0.04). Surface roughness increased under acidic conditions, with AM-C exhibiting the highest Ra values (1.30 +/- 0.02 & micro;m). The alginate-based antacid significantly reduced Ra values for all materials and reduced Delta Eoo values in AM-C (1:3 and 1:5) and AM-VS (1:5) (p<.05), with selected antacid-containing subgroups showing values approaching those of the control.
Conclusions Simulated gastric fluid compromised the surface integrity and color stability of CAD/CAM resin-based restorative materials, with material-dependent differences. The addition of an alginate-based antacid mitigated these effects under selected experimental conditions, suggesting a pot