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关键词： 新工科   应用型大学   地质制图及CAD   教学改革  

摘要： 应用型大学地质制图及CAD课程面临传统教学模式与行业需求脱节、教学方法滞后等问题。为培养适应地质工程领域发展的复合型实践人才,本文结合课程教学现状,分析改革必要性及面临的核心问题,从教学内容更新、教学方法创新、教学手段现代化、教学资源建设四个维度构建改革体系,并配套多元化教学评价机制。

关键词： 后牙大面积缺损   嵌体修复材料   椅旁CAD/CAM修复   抗折裂强度  

摘要： 目的分析不同嵌体修复材料对后牙大面积缺损椅旁计算机辅助设计(CAD)/计算机辅助制造(CAM)修复抗折裂强度的影响。方法选取2023年12月—2024年6月南方医科大学第八附属医院收治的40例后牙大面积缺损患者,均经椅旁CAD/CAM系统制作嵌体修复,按照随机数字表法分为A组(20例,IPS e.max.CAD陶瓷)和B组(20例,3M Lava™Ultimate树脂纳米陶瓷)。于修复后12个月评估两组的修复效果及牙体折裂、修复体脱落情况。结果修复后12个月,A组与B组边缘密合度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组和B组修复后12个月的边缘密合度与粘接后即刻比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。B组无折裂率高于A组(P<0.05),B组无变色率低于A组(P<0.05)。随访期间,两组均未发生牙体折裂。A组有2例(10.0%)发生修复体脱落,B组无修复体脱落。结论与IPS e.max CAD修复材料相比,3M Lava™Ultimate修复材料具有较好的抗折裂强度,修复体折裂率更低,而IPS e.max CAD修复材料的颜色匹配度更好,且两者的边缘密合度差异不大。

关键词： Radiation hardness   Content addressable memory   Approximate search   Voltage scaling   Low-power design  

摘要： This paper presents the design and first experimental validation under heavy ion (HI) irradiation of a Content Addressable Memory (HardCAM) fabricated in 65 nm CMOS technology. HardCAM was experimentally tested alongside a standard SRAM array to assess data integrity and proper function under HI beam irradiation. While the SRAM exhibited increasing error rates and consequent data corruption due to single event effects, radhard HardCAM maintained correct operation even under extreme conditions that induced several bit flips per memory row. HardCAM requires no error correction mechanism. It applies similarity, or Hamming distance tolerant search, to endure and tolerate errors rather than correct them. Our experimental results establish HardCAM as a viable and robust CAM solution for radiation-sensitive applications, such as space and aerospace systems.

关键词： 科技发展大会   应急安防   产业用纺织品  

摘要： 6月5日,第四届产业用纺织品行业科技发展大会在银川举行,应急安防用纤维制品及其产业发展研讨会同期召开。大会立足行业科技前沿,紧扣国家应急管理与安全生产大政方针,聚焦应急安防纤维制品技术创新、场景应用和产业规划,着力破解产业技术痛点,锚定行业发展新方向。会议由中国产业用纺织品行业协会主办,得到上海东方国创先进纺织创新中心有限公司、陕西元丰新材料科技有限公司、泰和新材集团股份有限公司、中国纺织工程学会产业用纺织品专业委员会支持。会议同期还开展了成果对接活动,并组织代表参观了苏银产业园。

关键词： 测试   四溴双酚类阻燃剂   生物基纺织品   加速溶剂萃取   高效液相色谱串联质谱法  

摘要： 建立了一种基于加速溶剂萃取(ASE)结合高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定生物基纺织品中两种四溴双酚类阻燃剂的分析方法。样品以乙腈为萃取溶剂,在120℃静态萃取5 min,冲洗体积为50%,循环3次;萃取液经Florisil固相萃取(SPE)柱净化后,采用Athena UPLC-C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)进行分离。目标化合物通过色谱保留时间及质谱定性离子进行定性,外标法定量。结果表明,两种四溴双酚类阻燃剂在0.04~1.00 mg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R^(2))均大于0.999;方法的定量限为0.040 mg/kg。在0.04~1.00 mg/kg加标水平下,平均回收率为96.3%~106.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为2.9%~6.3%,表明方法具有良好的准确度和精密度。应用所建方法对15批次生物基纺织品进行检测,其中3批次样品检出目标物,总检出率为20%。该方法操作简便、灵敏度高,可有效满足生物基纺织品中四溴双酚类阻燃剂的定性与定量分析需求。

关键词： 建筑施工安全   无人机监测   ESP32-CAM   PID控制  

摘要： 随着社会生产力的持续发展,各类基础设施建设进程不断加快,建筑施工现场的安全监控工作日益受到重视。针对当前建筑施工现场安全监测面临的操作难度大、效率偏低等问题,该文提出了一种融合ESP32-CAM与图传通信的建筑施工安全无人机监测系统。该系统整合了PWM电机驱动、PID闭环算法运动调节、ESP32-CAM图像采集、控制通信及图传通信等硬件设计,并结合系统总体流程控制、PID参数整定与存储、指令收发以及图像无线传输等软件算法,实现了对建筑施工现场安全状态的实时监测。测试结果表明,系统在50 m控制范围内响应延迟低于200 ms,图传分辨率可达1 600×1 200像素,飞行续航时间达15 min,能够有效满足施工现场安全监测需求。该研究为建筑施工安全管理提供了一种切实可行的解决方案,具有一定的工程应用价值。

关键词： Artificial intelligence applications   Computer-aided design   Design automation   Natural Language Processing   Engineering computation  

摘要： This study explores the automation of engineering design tasks using Generative Artificial Intelligence, focusing on the dimensioning machine elements and generation of their respective CAD models, specifically bolted connections, in the open-source software FreeCAD. Three system architectures were developed and evaluated: All-in-One, Chatbot-Designbot, and Chatbot-Calculator-Code Generator. These frameworks integrate Large Language Models, such as GPT-2 and CodeGen, which were fine-tuned using Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning and Low-Rank Adaptation. While the All-in-One architecture consolidates all tasks into a single model, the Chatbot-Designbot and Chatbot-Calculator-Code Generator architectures decompose the process into specialized modules for dialogue interaction, parameter extraction, part dimensioning, and CAD code generation. The evaluation results show that the Chatbot-Calculator-Code Generator configuration achieves the lowest overall error rate for the four steps combined (2%) with a total training time of 63.4 min. This configuration outperforms the Chatbot-Designbot (3.96%, 117.7 min) and All-in-One (53%, 24.2 min) architectures. These findings demonstrate that compact, fine-tuned Large Language Models can enable accurate and efficient design automation, even with limited data. This work establishes a methodological foundation for scalable, Generative Artificial Intelligence -driven CAD systems and interactive engineering design workflows.

关键词： AD   Alzheimer's disease   ALS   amyotrophic lateral sclerosis   ALSP   axonal spheroids and pigmented glia   Aβ   amyloid beta   Apoe   apolipoprotein E   APOE3   apolipoprotein E3   BAM   border-associated macrophages   BBB   blood–brain barrier   CAM   central nervous system-associated macrophage   CNS   central nervous system   CSF1   colony-stimulating factor 1   CSF1R   colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor   CX3CL1   C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1   CXCL12   C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12   DAM   disease-associated microglia   E   embryonic day   EMP   erythromyeloid progenitor   ESC   embryonic stem cell   FACS   fluorescence-activated cell sorting   Hexb   hexosaminidase subunit beta   HUVEC   human umbilical vein endothelial cell   GM-CSF   granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor   GW   gestational week   IFN-γ   interferon-γ   IL-34   interleukin-34   iPSC   induced pluripotent stem cell   iMG   iPSC-derived microglia   IRF8   interferon regulatory factor 8   Lyve1   lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1   LPS   lipopolysaccharide   MACS   magnetic-activated cell sorting   MDMi   monocyte-derived microglia-like cell   Mrc1   mannose receptor C-type 1   PBMC   peripheral blood mononuclear cell   PCW   postconceptional week   PFN1   profilin 1   TGF-β   transforming growth factor-β   Brain   Culture   Development   Differentiation   Microglia   Macrophage   Organoid  

摘要：

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  Microglia arise from yolk sac-derived progenitors and acquire functional diversity through stepwise maturation within the brain environment.
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  In vitro-derived microglia provide a versatile system to study defined stages of microglial development and their functional properties.
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  Next-generation models combining transplantation and organoid approaches will be key to faithfully recapitulating human microglial biology.