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关键词： 3D printing   CAD/CAM   composite resins   dental bonding   digital dentistry   rubber dams  

摘要： Objective This clinical case report describes the rehabilitation of posterior molars using a fully digital workflow, integrating intraoral scanning, 3D-printed provisional restorations, and CAD/CAM-milled definitive composite restorations.Clinical Considerations A 51-year-old woman presented with esthetic concerns regarding her mandibular left first and second molars. Clinical and radiographic evaluation revealed an extensive composite restoration on the first molar and an atypical amalgam restoration on the second molar, with a composite repair on the distobuccal cusp. The treatment plan involved removal of the old restorations, sealing of the root canals with resin-modified glass ionomer, bonding with a two-step adhesive system, coverage with flowable bulk-fill composite, and build-up with conventional composite resin. Both teeth were prepared for partial indirect restorations and digitally scanned. Models and provisional restorations were 3D-printed and temporarily cemented, while definitive composite restorations were milled, surface-treated, and cemented using preheated composite resin. Occlusal contacts were adjusted, and restorations were polished.Conclusion The fully digital workflow allowed precise, efficient, and predictable treatment, restoring function, marginal adaptation, and esthetics while preserving healthy tooth structure.Clinical Significance This approach demonstrates the advantages of combining modern adhesive protocols, contemporary restorative materials, and digital technologies for conservative management of complex indirect restorations. The case highlights the potential for digital workflows to improve treatment efficiency, accuracy, and patient satisfaction in restorative dentistry.

关键词： 标准化   阿拉伯国家   宁夏纺织品  

摘要： 本研究旨在探究标准化视阈下,宁夏回族自治区对阿拉伯国家纺织品出口所面临的核心瓶颈,并寻求有效的突破路径,以推动当地纺织产业升级与市场拓展。本文采用定性和定量分析相结合的方法,系统梳理了中国与阿拉伯国家的纺织品标准体系与进口规制,并结合宁夏纺织产业的宏观数据、企业调研情况等进行深入剖析。研究发现,宁夏回族自治区对阿纺织品出口面临产业认证成本高昂、产业链条“偏短偏小”,难以满足阿方市场对高附加值成品的标准要求等瓶颈。同时,企业面临标准信息壁垒、物流成本劣势等挑战。为此,本文提出构建中阿标准信息服务平台以降低合规成本,强化技术研发与标准对接能力,通过标准互认、成本管控,建立面向阿拉伯市场的宁夏纺织产业升级模型。

关键词： SCAD   spontaneous coronary artery dissection   TTE   transthoracic echocardiography   CAD   coronary artery disease   MIs   myocardial infarctions   FMD   fibromuscular dysplasia   CTD   connective tissue disease   SoV   sinus of Valsalva   EIMS   Echocardiographic Image Management System   ASE   American Society of Echocardiography   BSA   body surface area   SPSS   Statistical Package for Social Sciences   BMI   body mass index   LDS   Loeys-Dietz syndrome   MVP   mitral valve prolapse   TAD   thoracic aortic dissection   CTA   CT angiography   MRA   magnetic resonance angiography   ICD   International Classification of Diseases   Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD)   Ascending aortic aneurysm   Aortic dilation   Systemic arteriopathy   Echocardiography   Vascular screening  

摘要： Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndrome, particularly in younger women, and is frequently associated with systemic vascular abnormalities. However, the prevalence and clinical significance of ascending aortic dilation in SCAD remain poorly defined.

关键词： Additive Manufacturing   Dental Esthetics   Dental Implants   PEEK   Translucency   Zirconia   Sustainable dental materials  

摘要： The esthetic outcome of implant-supported restorations depends on the optical interaction between substructure and veneering materials. With the increasing use of additively manufactured (AM) abutments, evidence regarding their optical behavior remains limited.

关键词： CAD-CAM   cement-retained   crowns   implant abutments   implant-supported dental prosthesis   lithium disilicate   randomized controlled trial   zirconia  

摘要： Objectives To evaluate whether monolithic CAD-CAM lithium disilicate (LS2) crowns are non-inferior to monolithic CAD-CAM zirconia (ZrO2) crowns with respect to clinical and radiographic outcomes in single posterior implant restorations.Materials and Methods Patients with bilateral single-tooth implants at homologous posterior sites were enrolled. Each implant was randomly assigned to receive either a monolithic CAD-CAM ZrO2 crown (Control) or a LS2 crown (Test both cemented onto customized titanium abutments. Marginal bone level change (Delta MBL) was the primary outcome. Non-inferiority of LS2 relative to ZrO2 was evaluated using a prespecified margin of -0.5 mm for the paired difference in Delta MBL (LS2-ZrO2). Implant and prosthesis survival, biological and technical complications, periodontal parameters, and FIPS were assessed as secondary outcomes.Results A total of 40 patients completed the 3-year follow-up. The survival rates were 97.5% for ZrO2 and 100% for LS2, with one implant loss in the ZrO2 group. Biological complication rates were 5% for ZrO2 and 15% for LS2 (p = 0.219 while technical complication rates were 2.5% and 5% (p = 1.000 respectively. No crown fractures, chipping, or debonding were found in either group. The Delta MBL was -0.62 +/- 1.22 mm for ZrO2 and -0.36 +/- 1.07 mm for LS2. The paired mean difference in Delta MBL (LS2-ZrO2) was 0.26 mm (95% CI: -0.17 to 0.70 mm). The lower confidence limit remained above the prespecified non-inferiority margin of -0.5 mm, demonstrating non-inferiority of LS2 with respect to Delta MBL. No statistically significant differences were observed in mSBI, mPLI, or FIPS between the two groups (p = 0.106, 0.201, 0.825).Conclusions Monolithic CAD-CAM LS2 crowns exhibit non-inferior clinical and radiographic outcomes to ZrO2 crowns over a 3-year follow-up period. Customized titanium abutments with cemented monolithic all-ceramic crowns represent a reliable treatment option for single posterior implant-supported rest

关键词： 测试   织物   纺织成品   洗涤   微塑料   释放量  

摘要： 纺织品家庭洗涤是环境中纤维微塑料的主要来源之一,但目前我国尚缺乏统一的定量检测标准。本研究对标国际标准ISO 4484-1:2023和ISO 4484-3:2023,分别建立了基于机械洗涤装置加速洗涤的织物测试法,以及基于家用洗衣机的纺织制成品测试法。通过滤膜及过滤袋收集洗涤释放物,以收集物质量与试样质量之比评价微塑料释放量。通过对15种织物和5种纺织制成品的测定,发现织物样品的微塑料释放量为147.8~1793.2 mg/kg,纺织制成品的释放量为52.3~1034.2 mg/kg。织物的织造工艺、加工方式及整理剂对释放量的影响明显大于纤维成分和面密度。实验室间比对结果显示,织物样品的相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.59%~4.34%,纺织制成品为1.04%~1.91%,表明方法具有良好的重复性与再现性。针对ISO标准中未明确的增加样品数量处理、滤布参数调整及大体积样品操作等问题,本研究提出了适合我国技术条件的改进方案。该研究为我国制定纺织品洗涤来源微塑料定量检测国家标准提供了技术依据和数据支撑。

关键词： Alternative animal models   Angiogenesis assay   Biomaterials screening   Chorioallantoic membrane   Drug testing   In ovo and ex ovo model   Preclinical research  

摘要： The chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model has emerged as a valuable tool in the fields of biomaterials, drug testing, and angiogenesis. It offers a cost-effective, ethical, and biologically relevant alternative to traditional in vivo mammalian models, aligning with the 3R principle. The CAM model is extensively used in vascular disease research, drug screening, and biomaterial biocompatibility studies, enabling a real-time analysis of angiogenic responses. Furthermore, it serves as an effective platform for evaluating tumor growth, xenografts, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) applications, and blood-brain barrier permeability. Recent advancements have expanded its role in nanomedicine and regenerative medicine, demonstrating its versatility in preclinical research. Despite its advantages, challenges such as scalability and standardization still remain unresolved. This review explores CAM's vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis, highlighting its structural characteristics and accessibility for research applications. Furthermore, in ovo and ex ovo methodologies are discussed, detailing their advantages and limitations in different experimental contexts. Moreover, this review addresses current gaps and proposes future directions to enhance the applicability of the CAM model in biomedical sciences. Following methodological improvements and the incorporation of cutting-edge imaging and molecular approaches, the CAM assay continues advancing into a powerful alternative to the study of vascular biology, cancer, drug testing, and biomaterial interactions.

摘要： The growing adoption of digital workflows and artificial intelligence (AI)–assisted design has revolutionized occlusal device fabrication, offering improved precision, efficiency, and reproducibility. However, the clinical reliability of digitally predicted occlusal contacts, particularly across different intensity levels and anatomic regions, remains insufficiently validated.

关键词： 颈内动脉夹层   缺血性卒中   危险因素   预测  

摘要： 目的探讨老年颈动脉夹层合并急性缺血性脑卒中(acute ischemic stroke,AIS)患者临床特征及高危因素。方法选择2022年1月至2024年12月黄冈市中心医院收治的老年颈动脉夹层患者150例,根据是否并发AIS分为非AIS组82例和AIS组68例。比较两组基础资料、生化指标及影像学特征,采用多因素logistic回归分析筛选独立危险因素,并构建风险预测模型。结果AIS组吸烟、糖尿病、高血压、冠心病、高脂血症、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、D-二聚体、病灶多发、双腔征、腔内血栓、管腔狭窄(重度/闭塞)比例明显高于非AIS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,吸烟、糖尿病、高血压、高脂血症、D-二聚体、腔内血栓、管腔狭窄是颈动脉夹层并发AIS的危险因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析显示,风险预测模型预测老年颈动脉夹层患者AIS发生的曲线下面积为0.949(95%CI:0.919~0.980),敏感性86.24%,特异性88.93%。结论老年颈动脉夹层合并AIS与代谢性疾病、血栓形成及血管结构异常密切相关,基于高危因素构建的预测模型对AIS发生具有较高的临床预测价值。