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关键词： chronic liver disease   coronary artery disease   computed tomography calcium score   liver transplant   BMI   Body mass index   CABG   Coronary angioplasty bypass surgery   CAD   Coronary artery disease   CT Ca Score   CT Ca Score: Computed Tomography Coronary Calcium score   ESLD   End-stage liver disease   LT   liver transplantation   MASH   Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steato Hepatitis (MASH)   MELD   model for end stage liver disease  

摘要： CT coronary calcium (CT Ca) score is a non-invasive method for assessing presence and severity of CAD in an individual. Coronary angiogram (CAG) is an invasive procedure and remains the gold standard for diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD).

关键词： CAD技术   机械制图技术   技术融合   设计效率  

摘要： 鉴于机械设计需求日趋复杂,且传统制图方式效率低下,二维手工制图及单一CAD(计算机辅助设计)操作模式已无法满足多维度设计协同需求。首先,探究了CAD技术与机械制图技术的核心关联——二者分别代表数字化工具与工程语言规范,共同搭建起机械设计完整的技术链条。其次,从3个层面论证了二者的融合价值,一是借助参数化建模与视图自动生成功能,大幅提升了设计效率与精度;二是依托电子图纸存储及版本控制技术,实现了图纸的数字化管理;三是凭借智能算法与模型联动,推动机械设计朝智能化方向迈进。最后,制定了4项有效措施,最终实现了设计流程高效化、图纸管理规范化及技术应用智能化的目标。

关键词： Content addressable memory (CAM)   High-speed search   Hybrid MLs   Local search   Pre-charge free CAM  

摘要： This high-speed, power-efficient content addressable memory (CAM) uses parallel lookups to match quickly without sacrificing power consumption. It introduces three key contributions: i. Pre-charge free operation, which improves search speed and reduces power requirements by eliminating node charging time, ii. A Hybrid Match Line (HML) structure that strategically balances power and delay, combining the high-speed attributes of NOR with the low-power attributes of NAND, and iii. Local searching technique ascertain further improvement in search time. Performance indicators improve greatly when these methods are seamlessly integrated. Utilizing 45 nm CMOS technology, the design supports diverse process voltages, temperatures, and frequencies for a 64x32 memory array. Monte Carlo simulations verify design stability. The proposed architecture outperforms the leading benchmark in speed and power-delay-product (PDP) by 54.6% and 76.02%, respectively. This novel design can do repeated data searches at frequencies up to 2 GHz after a single write operation, enabling quicker and more energy-efficient data processing that could revolutionize consumer electronics. This development could revolutionize consumer electronics by improving efficiency and speed in high-performance computing, mobile devices, and IoT applications.

摘要： This article presents a technique integrating clinical and digital protocols using a jaw tracking system to capture mandibular movements for the virtual design and fabrication of an anterior guide for a single crown. Data were obtained with an intraoral scanner and a jaw tracking system to digitally model the palatal surface of a maxillary central incisor. A zirconia crown was fabricated demonstrating a predictable outcome without the need for occlusal adjustment. This approach highlights the potential for incorporating jaw tracking to achieve accurate anterior guidance and minimizing chairside modifications.

关键词： β-TCP scaffold   Ordered pore structure   Replica method   Diamond lattice   X-ray CT  

摘要： Ordered porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ceramics were fabricated by a replica method using polymer templates each having a diamond lattice, designed with a three-dimensional computer-aided design system. A β-TCP slurry was spray-coated onto these templates and subsequently sintered under optimal conditions determined on the basis of thermogravimetry–differential thermal analysis data. This process allowed accurate transfer of the lattice architecture despite a shrinkage of approximately 65 %. Systematic variations of the lattice geometry and coating amount enabled tuning of the porosity, pore size and strut diameter of the ceramic, and compressive testing confirmed the effects of these parameters on the mechanical strength. Structures with interconnected pores having sizes of several hundred micrometers that were well-suited to bone tissue engineering were obtained. X-ray diffraction assessments showed the partial transformation of the β-TCP to an apatite-structured phase during firing while X-ray computed tomography established that prolonged sintering produced hollow struts that provided additional internal space. The replica method combined with specially designed templates was found to be an effective approach to the integrated design of pore architectures that provided suitable mechanical properties and internal space in ordered porous β-TCP scaffolds.

关键词： Spinopelvic   Biplane videoradiography   Statistical shape modeling   Standing posture   Hip   Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome  

摘要： Spinopelvic morphology and alignment have been theorized to play a role in causing femoroacetabular impingement syndrome symptoms in individuals with cam morphology. However, prior studies have used hip morphological and alignment measurements that are interdependent, limiting understanding of form-function relationships.

关键词： Brain medical image segmentation   CAM   Texture knowledge   Weakly supervised  

摘要： In weakly supervised learning-based medical image segmentation, the incompleteness of labels and the complexity of medical image structures often lead to under-segmentation and over-segmentation issues in practical predictions. Therefore, a weakly supervised brain image segmentation guided by texture knowledge (TKG-Net) is proposed in this paper. Its core idea is based on the interaction between the perceptual system and the rational system in the cognitive dual-path model to locate the fuzzy boundaries of the target. First, a simple and effective perceptual system, called the Stepped Class Activation Map Fusion Algorithm, is designed, which utilizes the ability of deep class activation map (CAM) to capture the localization characteristics of the target position and the ability of shallow CAM to highlight the texture characteristics of the target details, and maximally removes background noise to emphasize foreground targets. Second, a novel rational system, called the Texture Knowledge Extraction Module, is introduced into the network, through the collaborative action of fuzzy K-Means and Prewitt operator to efficiently extract the texture features of the target. Subsequently, these captured target texture structural features are effectively integrated into the texture consistency loss function. Finally, a novel Cross-guided module is constructed, which can fully exploit the correlation between texture information and semantic information, achieving more effective fusion of input vectors and thus achieving more precise segmentation of the target region. Our method is evaluated on the BraTS2019 and INSTANCE2022 datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed TKG-Net exhibits excellent segmentation performance compared to other state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： 数字技术   建筑CAD   教学策略  

摘要： 数字技术正深度融入建筑行业,推动建筑设计流程、技术应用范式与行业人才需求的迭代升级,对从业者的数字素养与建筑CAD技术应用能力提出了更高要求。基于此,文章通过分析数字技术对建筑CAD学科教学的作用,结合教学实践,提出切实可行的教学策略,包括整合数字资源、构建虚拟场景、推行项目教学、运用智能工具、构建线上题库等,以期为完善建筑CAD学科教学模式、提升学生CAD技术应用能力提供参考。

关键词： Precast concrete   BIM   Dynamo   Semantic naming convention   CAD-to-BIM  

摘要： The manual conversion of 2D CAD drawings to 3D BIM objects for Precast Concrete (PC) components is a time-consuming, error-prone bottleneck that hinders project efficiency. Existing automation studies have struggled with the complex, non-standard geometries typical of PC components. This paper presents a framework that automates BIM generation using a Semantic Naming Convention (SNC) to encode design information into 2D CAD attributes. Developed in the Dynamo visual programming environment, the system automatically creates fabrication-level BIM objects for PC columns, beams, and slabs. The framework's versatility was validated by successfully processing 100% of production drawings from three different manufacturers. A Charrette test showed the automated approach reduced modeling time by an average of 78.9%, improved model accuracy by 12.3, and cut human errors by over 90% compared to manual methods. This framework provides a practical solution to enhance productivity and model quality in the PC construction sector.

关键词： Coronary artery disease   Myocardial infarction   Myocardial ischemia   Myocardial perfusion imaging   Photon-counting computed tomography   CAD   Coronary artery disease   CAD-RADS   Coronary Artery Disease–Reporting and Data System   CCTA   Coronary computed tomography angiography   CT   Computed tomography   FFR   Fractional-flow-reserve   MDE   Myocardial delayed enhancement   MPI   Myocardial perfusion imaging   MRI   Magnetic resonance imaging   PCCT   Photon-counting computed tomography  

摘要： Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is now widely recognized as an effective imaging method for ruling out coronary artery disease (CAD), primarily due to its excellent negative predictive value. According to guidelines, functional ass...