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关键词： 机械CAD/CAM技术   课程改革   混合式教学   课程思政   应用型人才培养  

摘要： 针对《机械CAD/CAM技术》课程传统教学中的痛点难题,结合我校应用型大学的办学定位,践行“以能力素养培养为核心”的工程教育理念,积极探索了课程改革路径。对教学内容进行模块化重构,建设了数字化教学资源,设计了“线上导学、线下探究、线下实践、线上迁移”的项目驱动混合式教学活动,并将“反馈调整”贯穿教学的各个环节。

关键词： CAD model reconstruction   Lattice structures   Planar convex hulls   Point cloud   Primitive detection  

摘要： Lattice structures consist of spatially discrete bars interconnected by joints. The complex geometric configurations of these lightweight structures present a challenge for point cloud segmentation, which is essential for CAD model reconstruction. We propose an efficient and robust pipeline to reconstruct CAD models of lattice structures from point clouds. The point cloud is first fitted by a set of planar convex hulls, which are optimized by local geometric operators guided by an energy function. The edges of discrete convex hulls are stored in an AABB tree for efficient hull adjacency queries. The convex hulls are then segmented based on their consistently oriented normals. Structural primitives are classified using principal component analysis of these oriented normals, and their dimensions are determined with least squares fitting of the associated points. The final CAD model is assembled from the detected primitives. The method has been validated using point clouds of various scales and complexities including real-scanned data. It shows robustness in the presence of uniform noise, outliers and data loss. Furthermore, its advantages in terms of reconstruction accuracy and efficiency are further highlighted in comparison to conventional and deep learning approaches.

摘要： L’apparition des caméras CZT a permis de s’affranchir du temps mort des détecteurs Anger. Cet atout pourrait être exploiter en scintigraphie aux leucocytes marqués ou à 24 h le taux de comptage est très faible et le bruit très important. Nous avons évalué dans ce travail l’évolution du coefficient de recouvrement et le bruit à travers le Constrast Noise to Ratio (CNR) sur une série de reconstructions en faible statistique de comptage.

摘要： For implant-supported restorations, the contour of their emergence profile is influenced by the implant’s proximity to the neighboring bone and tooth roots. Long-term function and esthetics depend on the surrounding soft tissue having access to an adequate blood supply. A protocol involving immediate implant placement and interim restoration placement can provide a more functional emergence profile and more effectively meet patients’ esthetic expectations, with the restoration's emergence profile closely resembling that of a natural tooth. This article describes a method of creating the emergence profile by integrating artificial intelligence (AI) tooth segmentation and the mirror image feature of a computer-aided design (CAD) software program into the process.

关键词： CAD   Fracture detection   Ghost convolution   Pediatric wrist trauma   YOLOv11  

摘要： Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have greatly improved the interpretation of medical images by radiologists and surgeons. However, current CAD systems for fracture detection in X-ray images primarily rely on large, resource-intensive detectors, which limits their practicality in clinical settings. To address this limitation, we propose a novel lightweight CAD system based on the YOLO detector for fracture detection.

关键词： Boundary representation   Command sequence   Reinforcement learning   Training gym  

摘要： A CAD command sequence is a typical parametric design paradigm in 3D CAD systems where a model is constructed by overlaying 2D sketches with operations such as extrusion, revolution, and Boolean operations. Although there is growing academic interest in the automatic generation of command sequences, existing methods and datasets only support operations such as 2D sketching, extrusion, and Boolean operations. This limitation makes it challenging to represent more complex geometries.

关键词： artificial intelligence   CAD-RADS score   calcium scoring   coronary CTA   prognosis   AI-QCT   artificial intelligence–guided quantitative coronary computed tomography angiography   AUC   area under the curve   CACS   coronary artery calcium score   CAD   coronary artery disease   CT   computed tomography   CTA   computed tomography angiography   LAP   low attenuation plaque   MACE   major adverse cardiac events   MI   myocardial infarction   NCPV   noncalcified plaque volume   NRI   net reclassification index   PAV   percent atheroma volume  

摘要： The severity and extent of whole heart coronary plaque volume and stenosis can be reliably measured by artificial intelligence–guided quantitative coronary computed tomography angiography (AI-QCT). Limited data are available on the potential incremental prognostic value compared with currently recommended qualitative coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) reads and the coronary artery calcium score (CACS).

关键词： cholecystitis   end-stage liver disease   ERCP   gall bladder drainage   AIH   Autoimmune hepatitis   CAD   Coronary artery disease   CC   Complicated cholecystitis   CI   Confidence interval   CTP   Child–Turcotte–Pugh   DCMP   Dilated cardiomyopathy   ERCP   Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography   ETGS   Endoscopic transpapillary GB stenting   EUS   Endoscopic ultrasound   GB   gall bladder   HR   Hazard ratio   HVOTO   Hepatic venous outflow tract obstruction   MASLD   Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease   MELD   Model for end-stage liver disease   PCLD   Polycystic liver disease   PSC   Primary sclerosing cholangitis  

摘要： Patients with cholecystitis and underlying cirrhosis represent a high-risk group for surgical intervention. In patients otherwise meriting an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder stenting (ETGS) can serve as a bridge to cholecystectomy while awaiting liver transplant or provide long-term gallbladder (GB) drainage in those who are not surgical candidates. We evaluated the technical feasibility, clinical outcomes and safety of ETGS for complicated cholecystitis in patients with cirrhosis and high surgical risk.

关键词： CAM   Insomnia classification   rs-fMRI   ST-GCN  

摘要： Chronic Insomnia Disorder (CID) is a common psychiatric condition that significantly affects quality of life. However, its neurobiological mechanisms remain largely unclear. Prior neuroimaging studies have mainly focused on isolated functional connections, with limited attention to within-network interactions. In this study, we propose a method based on Spatial–Temporal Graph Convolutional Networks (ST-GCN) to distinguish CID patients from healthy controls (HC) using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) data. A spatio-temporal graph is constructed to jointly model spatial and temporal features of brain connectivity. To interpret the model outputs, we further applied Class Activation Mapping (CAM) as a post-hoc analysis tool to identify brain regions most relevant to classification. CAM is not part of the core model but provides insights into discriminative features. The method was evaluated on two independent datasets, achieving classification accuracy above 90%. CAM results highlight the frontoparietal network as a key discriminator between CID and HC, supporting the hyperarousal theory of insomnia. These findings underscore the potential of graph-based deep learning for functional connectivity analysis. For details, see the code at https://***/AkishiroKura/ST-GCN-CID.

关键词： Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)   Polygon   Tool path generation   Machinability   Cutting force prediction  

摘要： This study proposes a unified two-dimensional (2D) polygon-based computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) framework that enables tool path generation, machinability evaluation, material removal simulation, and cutting-force prediction within a single computational environment. The proposed method represents three-dimensional geometries as aggregates of orthogonal 2D polygon sets, obtained by slicing the model in the $xy$-, $yz$-, and $zx$-parallel planes and superposing the three polygonal datasets. A novel convolutional offsetting algorithm is developed to perform three-dimensional inflation and shrinkage by incorporating adjacent cross-sectional relationships, thereby achieving accurate 3D offsets independent of the slicing orientation. The inflated 2D polygons are directly utilized to generate contour and scanning tool paths, and sequential inflation–shrinkage analysis enables visualization of unmachinable regions for tool accessibility evaluation. Furthermore, the framework integrates an instantaneous cutting force model that accurately predicts the cutting force waveform by detecting intersections between the cutting edge points and 2D polygon aggregations. The system is experimentally validated via ball-end milling. The results demonstrate that tool paths can be generated in under one minute using only a CPU. Furthermore, the simulated cutting forces closely align with experimental measurements. These findings demonstrate that the proposed 2D polygon-based framework provides an efficient and extensible foundation for integrating mechanical simulation and tool-path generation.