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关键词： 技能型社会   高职专升本学生   英语学习   教学改革  

摘要： 技能型社会建设背景下,高职专升本学生英语能力的提升成为支撑其职业发展与学历衔接的关键环节。基于学生学习需求的调查分析,发现学生在英语学习中普遍存在英语基础有待夯实、学习时间投入有待增加、学习资源与方法支持有待完善等现象。进一步分析当前高职英语教学体系,发现存在教学目标偏重应试、课程内容差异化不足、教学方法多样性有待提升、教学资源需进一步优化,以及评价机制灵活性有待增强等问题。为此,本研究构建以“需求驱动-分层培养-产教融合”为核心的教学改革框架,并从课程体系重构、教学方法创新、资源整合、评价机制优化及协同育人机制建设五个方面,系统提出教学改革策略,旨在推动英语教学从“应试导向”向“能力本位”转型,助力学生综合素养与终身学习能力全面提升。

关键词： Lamb waves   Topological insulators   Topological edge states   Topological corner states   Magnetic field modulation  

摘要： Recently, the concept of higher-order topological insulators has aroused widespread attention and research interest. However, current studies have predominantly focused on the domain of acoustic waves. Compared to acoustic waves, elastic waves are vector waves, making their study more complex and challenging. Therefore, achieving higher-order topological states in elastic waves holds significant research value. In this paper, we proposed the design of an intelligent topological metamaterial, which is composed of magneto-rheological thin layers and an elastic substrate. First, by adjusting the topological structure, we successfully excited first-order topological states of Lamb waves in numerical simulations. Subsequently, we constructed a two-dimensional topological structure to excite zero-order topological corner states. Given the unique advantages of magnetic fields in regulating material properties and behaviors, we investigated the effects of magnetic fields as an external control mechanism on Lamb waves in magneto-rheological materials. Our analysis focused on the regulation of Lamb wave topological edge states and corner states via magnetic fields. The results demonstrate that by varying the magnetic field strength, we can precisely control the characteristics of the topological states. Magnetic field modulation of the topological states in Lamb waves enables the realization of non-contact, controllable phononic devices, which is of great significance for the development of topological acoustics.

关键词： Mechanical microenvironment   Matrix viscoelasticity   Astrocyte behaviors  

摘要： The mechanical microenvironment plays a critical role in regulating brain development, injury repair, and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Despite extensive research on extracellular matrix stiffness, the effects of matrix viscoelasticity on neural cells, particularly in the context of brain injury and glial scar formation, remain elusive. In this study, we demonstrated, using an in vivo brain injury model, that matrix viscoelasticity, specifically the loss tangent, significantly increases during glial scar formation, which subsequently alters astrocyte behavior, leading to enhanced spreading and activation of reactive phenotypes. By employing an in vitro polyacrylamide hydrogel model that decouples viscosities from viscoelasticity, we reveal that microtubule dynamics, rather than actomyosin contractility, predominantly drive astrocyte responses within a viscoelastic microenvironment. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the mechanobiology of brain injuries and suggest that modulating matrix viscoelasticity could pave the way for novel mechanotherapeutic strategies to treat brain injuries and neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： 乡村绿色消费   生态农产品产业链   基层财务赋能   产业链升级   品牌传播   农业经济  

摘要： 聚焦基层财务赋能与品牌传播双重视角,本文探索乡村绿色消费需求驱动产业链升级的有效路径。首先,剖析乡村绿色消费需求特征,识别产业链当前存在的链路与财务不畅及供需适配矛盾等问题。在此基础上,提出政府预算统筹优化、会计规范引领、消费数据驱动财务激励、品牌传播赋能四维核心策略,并搭建数据溯源、风险防控全链条保障架构。结合真实品牌实践,研究旨在为破解产业链升级瓶颈、依托品牌心智触达激活消费潜力、助推农业经济高质量发展提供可行方案,助力形成需求与供给良性互动的乡村产业发展格局。

关键词： Magnetoelastic coupling   Nonconservative force   Piezomagnetic effect   Acoustic impedance   Multiferroic composites  

摘要： Enhancing the nonconservative force exerted on the ferromagnetic material is a key strategy for improving magnetoelastic coupling in multiferroic composites. Inspired by the mechanism of pulsed lasers injecting phonons directly into ferromagnetic materials, we propose a method to introduce and amplify phonons by constructing a "phonon channel". Analyzing the magnon excitation spectrum reveals that magnetoelastic coupling is significantly enhanced with an increasing amplification coefficient A(p) of nonconservative force in the phonon channel. When the external magnetic field is parallel to the wave vector of the spin wave, the amplitude of magnons in the anti-crossing region exhibits left-right symmetry with respect to the crossing point. In contrast, when the magnetic field is perpendicular, the symmetry becomes up-down. Introducing a coupling layer into the multiferroic composites provides a viable approach to realizing the phonon channel. Taking a multiferroic composite structure consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride and yttrium iron garnet as an example, we compare the electrical and acoustic properties of multiferroic composites with and without a coupling layer in the microwave frequency band. The enhancement of electrical and acoustic properties confirms the effectiveness of the phonon channel in multiferroic composites.

关键词： 老年人   营养问题   营养需求   健康饮食管理策略  

摘要： 基于老年人营养需求的健康饮食管理,能根据老年人的基本情况进行多维度的健康干预,有效防控营养风险,进而改善老年人的健康状态。因此,围绕老年人的健康饮食管理展开讨论,总结老年人常见营养问题,了解其发生机制和影响因素,探讨老年人营养需求及相应的健康饮食管理策略,评价各项健康饮食管理策略的应用效果。健康饮食管理策略的应用,对改善老年人的营养状况、维护老年人的身体健康有着积极影响。

关键词： 耐力类运动   运动阶段   膳食干预  

摘要： 耐力类运动是一种以低中型运动强度为主、需机体较长时间持续有氧供能的身体活动。在运动过程中,耐力类运动人群需要消耗大量的糖原,有较高的新陈代谢需求,并通过汗液流失水分和部分营养素。为保持运动中身体新陈代谢和运动供能的理想状态、促进运动后身体及时恢复,需结合耐力类运动人群运动前营养储备、运动中适当补充、运动后及时恢复的需求作出合理营养膳食干预,进而提高耐力类运动人群的运动持续性和积极性。

关键词： 消费大数据   工程造价估算   历史项目   市场需求   动态分析  

摘要： 工程造价管理智能化转型过程中,消费大数据以海量性、动态性与多维度特质,为工程造价估算工作开辟了全新技术路径。本文聚焦历史项目数据与市场需求的动态关联,构建消费大数据全流程处理体系,融合关联规则、长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)等技术搭建动态估算模型,在材料采购优化、区域成本估算、风险预判等场景进行实践验证。研究显示,应用消费大数据能够精准捕捉市场需求波动与材料消费趋势,显著提升估算精准度与适应性,推动估算模式从静态历史依赖转向动态需求导向,为工程项目全生命周期成本管控提供科学支撑。

关键词： 消费需求   农产品加工增值   产业升级   机制   乡村振兴  

摘要： 随着消费者对产品质量及产品品质的要求不断提升,农村产业的发展迎来了新的机遇。在这一背景下,推动农产品加工增值与产业升级,已成为促进农业经济实现高质量发展的重要推动力。本文以湖南省为例,对农产品加工增值与产业升级机制发展现状进行分析,深入探讨其在技术、资源、产业链等方面存在的问题,并提出相应的优化路径,以更好地适应消费市场需求变化。研究旨在为提高湖南地区农产品加工业的竞争能力和效率提供有益参考,从而助力实现当地农业产业结构转型,推动地区乡村产业振兴战略的有效实施。

关键词： 乡村振兴   农村金融服务模式   农村消费   科技赋能  

摘要： 乡村振兴战略是新时代做好“三农”工作的总抓手,金融是乡村振兴的重要驱动力,而创新的农村金融服务模式,可以支持农村经济发展、促进农业现代化及解决农民金融需求。随着农业现代化加快发展,农村金融服务需求日益强烈,“融资难”“融资贵”越来越成为现代农业发展的瓶颈。加强金融对“三农”的支持,对于强化粮食安全保障、建设现代农业、增加农民收入、缩小城乡差距,具有重要意义。因此,本文基于乡村振兴的宏观背景,系统分析了当前我国农村金融服务的发展现状,深入剖析其中存在的服务水平较低、风险防范机制不健全及农户金融知识不足等现实困境。在此基础上,本研究构建了“政府+银行+保险+农民+科技”“五位一体”的协同发展模式,并提出了相应的创新路径,为破解农村金融供需矛盾、提升农村金融资源配置效率、助推乡村全面振兴提供理论参考与实践指引。