课程文献中心 更多>>

关键词： Household product   Biocide   General toxicity   Genotoxicity   Blood kinetics  

摘要：

• •
  BIT is a widely used biocidal preservative in household products.
• •
  LD₅₀ of BIT in the acute oral toxicity study was 50-300 mg/kg (GHS Category 3).
• •
  NOAEL of BIT in the subchronic toxicity study was 5 mg/kg/day.
• •
  BIT was negative in three genotoxicity assays.
• •
  BIT was rapidly absorbed and completely eliminated within 8 h after administration.

关键词： Toll-like receptor 8   AP-1 inhibitor   Monocytes   Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition   Systemic sclerosis   Pharmacological intervention  

摘要：

• •
  TLR8 is upregulated in SSc monocytes and links to vasculopathy.
• •
  TLR8 activation promotes monocyte-endothelial adhesion via AP-1.
• •
  TLR8-activated monocytes induce endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition.
• •
  AP-1 inhibitor T5224 prevents monocyte-driven endothelial injury.
• •
  Targeting TLR8/AP-1 axis ameliorates skin fibrosis in SSc models.

关键词： Ginseng   Ginsenoside Rh2   Triple negative breast cancer   HIF-1α   Epithelial-mesenchymal transition   YAP  

摘要： Ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) is a primary bioactive constituent of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), has been demonstrated to possess anti-tumor potential. However, its specific inhibitory effects on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the associated molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. The hypoxic microenvironment is a key factor driving TNBC malignancy and dissemination, often leading to enhanced tumor invasiveness and increased metastatic risk. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of G-Rh2 on TNBC cells and tumor growth and to identify the key molecular mechanisms responsible. This study integrated multiple experimental techniques, including western blot, immunofluorescence, histopathological staining, co-immunoprecipitation, cellular thermal shift assay, cell scratch assay, and molecular docking. Additionally, network pharmacology, hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) overexpression validation, and HIF-1α small interfering RNA (si-RNA)-mediated knockdown were combined to systematically dissect its key regulatory pathways. G-Rh2 was shown to suppress the growth of breast tumors in mice and concurrently induce apoptosis in TNBC cells. The underlying mechanisms involved downregulation of HIF-1α expression, activation of the Hippo pathway to suppress cell migration and invasion, and intervention in the HIF-1α/YAP nuclear translocation axis, thereby inhibiting epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). This study systematically revealed the inhibitory effect of G-Rh2 on TNBC through in vivo and in vitro models, providing new mechanistic evidence and theoretical support for natural product-based antitumor research.

关键词： ALKBH5   Galectin-1   Hepatocellular carcinoma   HIF-1α   YTHDF2  

摘要： Increasing evidence indicates that the galectin family played a significant role in tumor progression and is closely related to the hypoxic microenvironment within tumor tissues. However, the regulatory mechanisms behind this process are unexplored. In this study, we found that Gal-1 expression was significantly up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and was closely associated with poor prognosis of patients. Intervention of Gal-1 at the cellular level significantly inhibited the malignant phenotype of hepatoma cells. For the first time, we discovered that Gal-1 was regulated by m⁶A modification, ALKBH5 mediated the demethylation of Gal-1 mRNA, and YTHDF2 recognized Gal-1 mRNA and altered its stability. This regulatory process was altered under hypoxic conditions, and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) mediated the regulation of m⁶A modification in hepatoma cells by hypoxia. HIF-1α bound to the promoter region of ALKBH5 and up-regulated ALKBH5 expression, while HIF-2α bound to the promoter region of YTHDF2 and generated negative regulation. In vivo, after intervention of Gal-1, reduction of proliferative markers and inhibition of epithelial–mesenchymal transition occurred in the subcutaneous tumor. The use of LNP-siGal-1 also inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition.

关键词： FCC↔HCP martensitic transformation   Fe-Mn-Cr-Ni-Si-(V,C)-based shape memory alloys   Shape memory effect   Single crystals   Tension  

摘要： The effect of VC-particles on the development of reversible FCC↔HCP martensitic transformation and the shape memory effect (SME) under tension at 77 K was studied in $\left[\bar{1}11\right]$- and $\left[\bar{1}44\right]$-oriented Fe-16Mn-10Cr-8Ni-4Si-1(V,C) single crystals. It was shown that VC-particles are the preferred sites for the occurrence of stacking faults and reduce the HCP martensite thickness to 3–5 nm. In $\left[\bar{1}11\right]$-oriented crystals, VC-particles suppress the multiple development of martensite variants from the onset of the transformation and reduce θ = dσ/dε_tr by more than 2.5 times compared to quenched crystals. SME depends on the crystal orientation and the alloy state: 7.8 and 12% after quenching and 6.4 and 11% with VC-particles, respectively, in $\left[\bar{1}11\right]$- and $\left[\bar{1}44\right]$-oriented crystals.

关键词： Exopolysaccharide   Flavor profile   Jujuba juice   Lactiplantibacillus plantarum   Random forest  

摘要： Enhancing crude exopolysaccharide (EPS) production during lactic acid fermentation in complex food matrices remains challenging due to the nonlinear interactions among multiple process variables. In addition, how fermentation optimization influences product-related attributes such as antioxidant activity and volatile composition remains insufficiently understood. This study employed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SJ-L-1, a high-EPS-producing strain (0.4 mg/mL in de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) medium) previously isolated in our laboratory. To further increase crude EPS yield within a food substrate, the strain was used to ferment jujuba juice, with fermentation conditions optimized via a Random Forest (RF) model. The RF model identified critical factors and established optimal fermentation conditions, resulting in an crude EPS yield of 11.2 mg/mL, which corresponds to a 220% increase relative to the unoptimized control (3.5 mg/mL). In addition to this substantial improvement in yield, the optimized fermentation process enhanced both the functional and volatile flavor profile of the beverage. Specifically, hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity increased by 66.7%, while the volatile composition shifted, with reduced relative levels of some aldehydes and increased relative levels of several esters and ketones, indicating changes in aroma-related compounds. This study demonstrates that the RF model can effectively model the relationships between fermentation variables and crude EPS production, and can be used to guide process optimization within the studied conditions.

摘要： Temperature prediction and thermal management are critical to maintain batteries in safe and efficient operations. In this work we present a finite volume modelling framework based upon the solution of the solid energy balance able to rapidly compute the temperature distribution inside Sodium Metal Chloride batteries. The proposed simulation tool is validated against relevant experimental results describing any operative condition possible for a 10 × 10 cells battery and its performances are evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational time required to run simulations.

关键词： K. pneumoniae   ST1545   tmexCD2-toprJ2   blaNDM-1   blaKPC-2   Coexistence  

摘要：

• •
  We identified clinical ST1545 K. pneumoniae co-harbouring bla_NDM-1, bla_KPC-2, and tmexCD2-toprJ2.
• •
  Plasmids play the key role in accumulating bla_NDM-1, bla_KPC-2, and tmexCD2-toprJ2.
• •
  ISs and class 1 integron facilitate mobilization of bla_NDM-1, bla_KPC-2, and tmexCD2-toprJ2.

关键词： Aortic dissection   Atherosclerosis   Chlorogenic acid   Ferroptosis   Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 axis   Vascular smooth muscle cells  

摘要： Aortic dissection (AD) represents a critical cardiovascular emergency characterized by high mortality and a lack of effective pharmacological interventions. This study investigates the role of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation, in the pathogenesis of AD, with a particular focus on the therapeutic efficacy of chlorogenic acid (CA), a natural phenolic compound with established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Using an atherosclerotic male ApoE^−/− mouse model subjected to a high-fat diet and angiotensin II infusion, we evaluated the effects of CA treatment (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) on AD incidence, mortality, and various pathophysiological parameters. Our findings indicate that CA significantly reduces AD incidence and mortality in a dose-dependent manner, mitigating aortic medial degeneration, elastic fiber fragmentation, and lipid accumulation. Immunofluorescence co-staining further revealed that CA markedly reduced 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) accumulation in α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive mouse aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (MOVAS), confirming VSMC-specific inhibition of ferroptosis. Mechanistically, CA inhibits ferroptotic damage by reducing mitochondrial shrinkage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, while restoring the expression of key ferroptosis-related markers in the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 signaling axis. Pharmacological inhibition of Nrf2 using ML385 abolished these CA-mediated protective effects, verifying the essential role of Nrf2 signaling in the anti-ferroptotic action of CA. Corroborating these findings, transcriptomic profiling identified ferroptosis as a pivotal driver of AD, and in vitro experiments demonstrated that CA enhances the viability of MOVAS while inhibiting ferroptosis. In conclusion, this study highlights CA as a promising therapeutic agent for preventing and treating AD, elucidating its action via MOVAS specific ferroptosis inhibition through the Nrf2/

关键词： Charge transport mechanisms   Dielectric relaxation   Electric modulus formalism   Oxygen vacancy conduction  

摘要： Erbium-doped ceria, Ce_1-xEr_xO_2-δ (x = 0.1 - 0.2), was systematically investigated to elucidate the relationship between dielectric relaxation, defect association, and charge transport mechanisms over a wide frequency (40 Hz–5 MHz) and temperature (200–600 °C) range. The samples were synthesized via a sucrose–pectin-assisted modified sol–gel route. The samples were characterized using TG/DTA, FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, XPS, and impedance analysis. Frequency-dependent dielectric permittivity (ε′), loss tangent (tan δ), electric modulus (M∗), and ac conductivity (σ_ac) reveal thermally activated relaxation governed by oxygen-vacancy dynamics. The association energy was determined to be 0.05 eV (x = 0.1) and 0.06 eV (x = 0.2), while the migration energy for long-range vacancy motion was 0.68 eV and 0.76 eV, respectively, as obtained from the temperature dependence of the relaxation frequency derived from tan δ analysis. Ce_0.9Er_0.1O_2-δ exhibits higher electrical conductivity (5.45 × 10⁻³ S/cm at 600 °C) compared to Ce_0.8Er_0.2O_2-δ (2.05 × 10⁻³ S/cm). The enhanced conductivity at lower Er content is attributed to reduced dopant–vacancy association and improved vacancy mobility, both of which are correlated with stronger dielectric screening. These results establish a quantitative relationship between dielectric screening, defect energetics, and oxide-ion transport in Er-doped ceria, providing insight for optimizing ceria-based electrolytes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells.