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关键词： Accretion   Accretion disks   Black hole physics   X-ray binaries   Cygnus X-1  

摘要： We performed a spectral analysis of long-term observations (2016–2019) of the black hole binary Cygnus X-1 using AstroSat, covering its hard, intermediate, and soft states. During soft states, we found that a typical spectrum fitted with a single Comptonization, a thermal disc, and an iron line yields poor fits and unphysically small disk radii (R_in < 1R_g). While adding a relativistic disk component (kerrbb) improved the fit but required high color factors ($f_{\text{col}}\sim 3.35-5.08$), indicating additional Comptonization. We therefore adopted a dual-Comptonization model with hot (optically thin) and warm (optically thick) coronae. This provided consistent good fits across all soft and hard states of Cygnus X-1. The spectral evolution reveals the critical role of dual Comptonization in shaping the broadband emission of Cygnus X-1.

关键词： Microbial fuel cell   Shewanella oneidensis MR-1   External resistance   Anodic biofilm   Extracellular electron transfer   mtrA gene expression  

摘要： External resistance is a key operational variable in microbial fuel cells (MFCs), yet its mechanistic influence on pure-culture electrogenic biofilms remains incompletely understood. Here, we investigated how fixed external resistances (10, 100, 500, and 1000 Ω) applied during start-up modulate electrochemical performance, architecture, membrane-integrity-associated viability, and extracellular electron transfer (EET)-related gene expression in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 anodic biofilms. After 10 days in dual-chamber MFCs, polarization analysis, cyclic voltammetry, confocal microscopy with LIVE/DEAD staining, epifluorescence viable-cell counting, and reverse-transcription quantitative PCR targeting mtrA and omcA were performed. Low resistance (10 Ω) produced the highest maximum power density (130 mW m⁻²), current density at maximum power (1609.6 mA m⁻²), lowest apparent internal resistance, strongest anodic redox activity, and significant mtrA up-regulation. In contrast, intermediate and high resistances promoted thicker biofilms with higher membrane-integrity-associated live signal but lower electrochemical output. omcA expression was not significantly affected. Multivariate correlation and regression analyses identified anodic peak current, peak potential, and external resistance as the main predictors of maximum power density (R² = 0.978), indicating that external resistance modulates a trade-off between biofilm accumulation and electrochemical output, with mtrA acting as a molecular marker of the anodic electroactive state.

关键词： Psoriasis   Zhuhuang granules   HIF-1α   Oxidative stress   Mitochondrial function  

摘要：

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  Network pharmacology and validation revealed HIF-1α as a key target of Zhuhuang granules in psoriasis.
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  Zhuhuang granules alleviated IMQ-induced psoriasis symptoms and reduced oxidative stress in mice.
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  Zhuhuang granule-containing serum improved mitochondrial dysfunction in M5-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes.
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  Zhuhuang granules suppressed HIF-1α signaling to regulate the oxidative stress-mitochondrial function axis.

关键词： Sesamol   PLGA nanoparticles   High-fat diet   Oxidative stress   Inflammation   Apoptosis   Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1   NF-κB/TLR4   Liver protection  

摘要：

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  HFD included mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammatory response.
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  HFD notably increase elevated TLR4/NF-κB signaling.
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  HFD distributes the mitochondrial and hepatocellular integrity.
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  SM-PLGA enhanced the mitochondrial function.
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  SM-PLGA can applied as a therapy for NAFLD.

关键词： Arylboronic acids   Curcumin   1,3,2-dioxaborine   Photophysical properties   Cytotoxicity   Intracellular accumulation  

摘要：

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  Curcumin derivatives with a diphenylboronic substituent – 2,2-diaryl-1,3,2-dioxaborines.
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  The addition of the arylboronic moiety weakens the fluorescence of the curcumin core.
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  Some dioxaborines are cytotoxic against both cancerous and non-malignant cells.
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  The dioxaborine with p-biphenyl boronic substituent exhibited the highest quantum yield.
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  Curcumin with p-methoxycarbonylphenyl substituent shows high cellular internalization.

关键词： High fat diet   Parotid gland   Aquaporins   Dyslipidemia  

摘要：

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  A high-fat diet successfully induced metabolic syndrome and systemic dyslipidemia in the rat model.
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  Obesity caused significant histoarchitectural damage and reduced secretory capacity in parotid glands.
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  Metabolic stress markedly increased gene and protein expression of AQP 1, 3, 7, 8, and 9 in parotid gland.
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  Widespread Aquaporin upregulation acts as a cellular adaptation to hyperlipidemia and inflammation.

关键词： CaCO3 reductive decomposition   CH4 activation   in-situ CO2 conversion   Fe/Ni@S-1 catalyst  

摘要：

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  Fe/Ni@S-1 was constructed via a channel-confined and surface-anchored strategy.
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  Direct reduction of CaCO₃ by activated CH₄ was verified experimentally.
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  Complete CaCO₃ conversion with 89.1% CO selectivity was achieved at 700 ºC.

关键词： Distinguished representations   General linear groups   Linear periods   Quaternion division algebras  

摘要： Let D be a quaternion division algebra over a non-Archimedean local field F of characteristic zero, and let G(n) = GL(n)(D). Let H-1,H- n-1 denote the subgroup of G(n) consisting of block-diagonal matrices of the form diag(g(1 g(2 where g(1) is an element of G(1) and g(2) is an element of G(n-1). In this article, we classify all irreducible smooth H-1 ,H-n-1-distinguished representations of G(n) for n = 3 and 4. Furthermore, we conjecture that an irreducible smooth representation pi of G(n for n > 2, is H-1 ,H-n-1-distinguished if and only if either pi is a trivial representation or it is parabolically induced from the trivial representation of G(n-2) and an infinite-dimensional irreducible H-1,H- 1-distinguished representation of G(2). (c) 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Photoelectrochemical sensor   Covalent organic framework   Dual-aptamer sandwich recognition   Signal amplification   beta-amyloid 1-42  

摘要： A highly sensitive dual-aptamer sandwich-type photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor was developed for detecting β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ₄₂), whose abnormal accumulation in the brain has been considered as the molecular driver of Alzheimer's (AD) pathogenesis and progression. The sensor was constructed based on in-situ grown covalent organic frameworks (COFs) films. Using a simple room-temperature in-situ synthesis method, TAPB-TFPA COFs (TAPB: 1,3,5-tris(4-aminophenyl)benzene, TFPA: tris(4-formylphenyl)amine) films were successfully fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. By exploiting the specific recognition between two aptamers and Aβ₄₂, a sandwich complex was formed on the electrode surface. This architecture induces pronounced steric hindrance that impedes interfacial charge transfer, resulting in substantial attenuation of the photocurrent response and enabling highly specific detection of Aβ₄₂. The PEC sensing platform exhibited a good linear response to Aβ₄₂ in the concentration range of 1 pM to 1 μM, with a detection limit of 0.86 pM. Meanwhile, the sensor possessed excellent selectivity, reproducibility, and stability, and showed satisfactory detection accuracy in real human serum samples. This work provides a novel method for the detection of Aβ₄₂ in the early diagnosis of AD, and also sheds light on the construction of high-performance PEC sensors and the application expansion of COF materials.

关键词： Dye-sensitized solar cells   Organic sensitizers   Auxiliary acceptor   Triphenylamine   DFT/TD-DFT  

摘要：

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  A series of D–A₁–π₁–A₂–π₂–A₃ organic dyes were designed via auxiliary acceptor modulation and methoxy functionalization.
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  Diazaheterocycle-based NGZ3 presents the most red-shifted absorption and narrowest band gap for efficient light harvesting.
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  π-extended PGZ1 achieves a remarkably high open-circuit voltage of 1.1208 V and strong interfacial coupling with TiO₂.
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  Clear structure–property relationships provide a rational strategy for developing high-performance dye-sensitized solar cells.