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关键词： Consumer research   Online data collection   Data quality   Index of data quality   Best–Worst scaling   MaxDiff  

摘要： The error variance normalised (ErrVarNorm; EVN) index, introduced by Llobell et al. (2025), measures participant response consistency in Case 1 Best–Worst Scaling (BWS) tasks. In the context of food-related consumer research, this methodology-focused study considered whether EVN was influenced by participants' country of residence (Obj. 1) and its relationship to other data quality metrics and indices (Obj. 2). Responses from over 9500 participants across nine surveys were analysed. Study 1 (N = 4122) found lower response consistency among participants from China and India than from New Zealand and the UK, while Study 2 (N = 1084) showed similar performance between Germany and Singapore, suggesting that factors other than country of residence underpinned the observed differences. Supporting this, within-country variation in Study 3 (N = 4546) was similar in magnitude to between-country variation in Study 1. Participants failing standard quality checks had markedly lower EVN values: speeders averaged 0.18–0.32, compared with 0.71–0.76 for those who were not speeders; flatliners 0.36–0.56 vs. 0.70–0.77, and those failing instructional manipulation checks 0.39–0.45 vs. 0.79–0.83. Study-specific checks yielded similar patterns, with poor-quality open-ended responses averaging 0.42 vs. 0.77 and contradictory answering averaging 0.40 vs. 0.71. Combining multiple checks further increased the mean EVN of retained participants but reduced sample size, highlighting the need to balance quality thresholds with the number of consumers retained for analysis. Given its consistent association with multiple quality indicators, EVN appears to be a valuable proxy for individual-level data quality beyond Case 1 BWS.

关键词： Bismuth antimony telluride   Thin films   Pressure-gradient-sputtering   Thickness independence   Thermoelectric properties  

摘要： (Bi₂Te₃)_x(Sb₂Te₃)_1-x thin films were synthesized using the pressure-gradient-sputtering (PGS) system, and the complex relationship between film thickness, composition, and multi-scale structure was systematically investigated. A hallmark of this study is the observation of a significant structural transition facilitated by the PGS process; while the system establishes a high-quality c-axis-oriented template at the early growth stage, Bi-rich films exhibit a dramatic degradation in orientation (F value from 0.97 to 0.17) as thickness increases. This orientation loss is attributed to the stress relaxation-induced grain tilting inherent to the Bi-rich lattice. Remarkably, despite this pronounced structural deterioration, the thermoelectric properties—Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and power factor—remain nearly invariant across a broad thickness range (0.5 to 4.2 μm). This suggests that the electronic transport is predominantly governed by the stable initial layer formed under the high-energy particle flux of the PGS process, effectively decoupling functional performance from bulk structural changes. Optimization of the composition yielded maximum power factors of 21 μW/(cm·K²) for p-type (x = 0.24) and 6.7 μW/(cm·K²) for n-type (x = 0.73). These findings demonstrate that the PGS system provides a unique growth kinetic that ensures thickness-tolerant performance even under significant structural instability, offering a robust platform for scalable micro-thermoelectric devices.

关键词： Aldol reaction   Asymmetric catalysis   Aza-Michael-aldol reaction   Phenylalanine   Supported catalyst  

摘要： A helical polyisocyanide catalyst bearing l-phenylalanine-derived pendants was successfully synthesized. The well-defined chiral microenvironment created by the helical scaffold enabled excellent stereocontrol in the asymmetric Aldol reaction between cyclopentanone and 4-nitrobenzaldehyde in water, affording the product in up to 100% enantiomeric excess (ee) value with a diastereomeric ratio (dr) of 64/36. The polymeric catalyst could be readily recovered and reused for at least three cycles without significant loss of enantioselectivity. Beyond Aldol reaction, the catalyst also promoted one-pot tandem aza-Michael-aldol cascade reactions, providing direct access to chiral 1,2-dihydroquinoline derivative—biologically relevant heterocycles—with good enantioselectivity (up to 70% ee). This work demonstrates the design of a versatile and recyclable helical polymer catalyst that combines high enantioselectivity in fundamental transformations with expandable utility in the synthesis of valuable heterocyclic scaffolds, offering a sustainable strategy for asymmetric synthesis.

关键词： costs and cost analysis   diabetes mellitus   type 1   automated insulin delivery systems   budget impact analysis   glycemic control  

摘要： Objective:Type 1 diabetes (T1D) affects around 3 million people across Europe. Despite insulin therapy, T1D can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA microvascular and macrovascular complications, hypoglycemia, and increased mortality, placing a substantial financial burden on European health care systems. Advances in automated insulin delivery (AID) systems have shown promise in improving glycemic control. This study evaluated the affordability of AID systems compared with standard of care (multiple daily insulin [MDI] injections with intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring [isCGM by examining the budgetary impact of improved glycemic control and reduced complication rates across nine European countries. Methods:The model estimated the impact of T1D complications on health care costs over a 5-year time horizon, using a hypothetical cohort of 100 individuals with T1D. Two distinct populations were considered based on baseline glycemic control: those with HbA1c >= 8% and those with HbA1c <8%. The model simulated the annual incidence and progression of chronic complications and two acute complications. Incidence rates were driven by HbA1c levels, which varied by treatment and baseline population. Severe hypoglycemia events (SHEs) were modeled separately using treatment- and population-specific rates. A treatment-neutral price was assumed, with country-specific costs applied to complications. Results:The AID system substantially reduced complication rates compared with MDI with isCGM. Among individuals with HbA1c >= 8%, overall complications declined by 61%, including a similar to 70% reduction in DKA, resulting in per-person 5-year cost savings ranging from 1595 to 2810 across the modeled countries. In those with HbA1c <8%, complications excluding SHEs fell by 26%;DKA was reduced by approximately 34%, and SHEs were eliminated, translating to per-person savings of 508 to 2819 over 5 years. Conclusion:This analysis highlights the health

关键词： Diabetes   GLP-1 agonists   Outcomes   Total hip arthroplasty  

摘要： To evaluate medical and surgical outcomes postoperatively for patients using GLP-1RA at the time of undergoing THA surgery, with a focus on early 30 day medical complications and 1 year surgical complications.

关键词： 1-Hour plasma glucose (1-h PG)   Diabetes screening   Frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT)   Insulin secretion   Insulin sensitivity   Intermediate hyperglycemia   Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)   Prediabetes   Young adults with obesity   β-Cell function  

摘要： To determine whether 1-hour plasma glucose (1-h PG) during an OGTT outperforms other glycemic markers (FPG, 0.5-h PG, 2-h PG, HbA_1c) in identifying impairments in insulin secretion, sensitivity, and β-cell compensation.

关键词： Centrifugal distortion   Dispersion   Hydrogen bonding   Rigid rotor  

摘要： The rotational spectrum of a second conformer of the 1-fluoronaphthalene···H₂O complex has been identified in the broadband microwave spectrum. This was recorded earlier using a chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectrometer in the 2.0–8.0 GHz frequency range under supersonic expansion conditions with neon as the carrier gas. Rotational transitions of the parent species together with those of the DOH and H₂¹⁸O substituted isotopologues were assigned and analysed. The experimentally determined rotational and centrifugal distortion constants and Kraitchman substitution analysis confirm that, in this structure, the water molecule resides above the aromatic plane of 1-fluoronaphthalene and forms two O–H···π hydrogen bonds with the naphthalene ring. In contrast to the previously reported in-plane isomer (S. Gupta et al., J. Phys. Chem. A, 2025, 129, 38, 8721–8732) stabilized by O–H···F and C–H···O hydrogen bonds, assignment of this above-plane structure required the inclusion of centrifugal distortion constants, though the binding energies for the two conformers are very close to each other. The calculated distortion constants at B3LYP-D3BJ/aug-cc-pVDZ level are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values for both conformers. Computational analyses reveal that dispersion interactions provide the dominant stabilizing contribution for this isomer, whereas electrostatic interactions dominate in the previously reported structure. The observation of both binding motifs within the same singly substituted aromatic system highlights the delicate balance between electrostatic hydrogen bonding and dispersion dominated π hydrogen bonds in aromatic–water complexes.

关键词： Urban wetlands   object-based hierarchical wetland classification   wetland gain and loss   Google Earth Engine   International Wetland Cities  

摘要： The highly fragmented and complex typology of urban wetlands poses substantial challenges for achieving high spatial resolution and detailed mapping using remote sensing. This study employs Sentinel-1/2 imagery and the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to develop an object-based hierarchical wetland classification (OHWC) framework supported by high-quality training samples, producing 10-m wetland distribution maps for five periods from 2016 to 2024 in Changshu (China Changnyeong (Republic of Korea and Saint Omer (France). Spatiotemporal patterns of wetland dynamics were analyzed. The results show that (1) average overall accuracies for Changshu, Changnyeong, and Saint Omer reached 94.84%, 90.9%, and 90.7%, respectively, outperforming existing wetland datasets;(2) wetlands in Changshu first expanded then declined, with a net loss of 20.42 km & sup2 whereas those in Changnyeong grew continuously, with a net gain of 9.58 km & sup2 and those in Saint Omer showed a fluctuating upward trend, with a net increase of 1.04 km & sup2;and (3) changes in inland wetlands were the main drivers of wetland pattern evolution across the three cities. The proposed framework demonstrates strong generalizability and provides a valuable reference for detailed urban wetland mapping, as well as scientific support for wetland restoration and implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).