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关键词： Acute cholangitis   Antibiotic therapy   Clinical trial   ERCP   Treatment duration  

摘要： Background: Acute cholangitis is an infection of the biliary tract that is managed with adequate biliary drainage combined with antibiotic treatment. The international Tokyo Guidelines 2018 recommend 4 to 7 days of antibiotic treatment after adequate biliary drainage, but observational data suggest shorter treatment may be sufficient. We assessed whether 1 day of antibiotic treatment is non-inferior to 4–7 days of antibiotic treatment for acute cholangitis after adequate biliary drainage. Methods: The COBRA-trial is a multicentre, open-label, parallel group randomized controlled non-inferiority trial with blinded outcome assessment. A total of 416 patients with acute cholangitis will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention group (1 day of antibiotic treatment after adequate biliary drainage) or to the control group (4–7 days of antibiotic treatment after adequate biliary drainage). Patients with acute cholangitis due to common bile duct stones, benign or malignant distal biliary obstruction, or distal biliary stent dysfunction are eligible. Randomization will take place once adequate biliary drainage is achieved by ERCP. Main exclusion criteria are concomitant pancreatitis, liver abscess, cholecystitis, and another infectious diagnosis at the time of randomization, use of systemic maintenance antibiotics, and specific immunosuppressants. Patients will be stratified for blood culture results at the time of randomization and aetiology of cholangitis. The primary endpoint is clinical cure, defined as the patient being symptom-free by day 14, with no relapse or death occurring by day 30. Secondary endpoints include 30-day and 90-day all-cause mortality, relapse of cholangitis by day 90, time from ERCP to first relapse, any other subsequent infection requiring antibiotic treatment within 90 days, duration of initial hospital stay, number of days treated with antibiotics by day 30, subsequent infections with multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria, quality of l

关键词： mcr-1   Multidrug-resistant   Plasmid   Salmonella  

摘要： We conducted genomic analysis of a Chinese beef-derived, mcr-1-positive, multidrug-resistant monophasic Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolate. Antimicrobial resistance determinants were located on both its chromosome and plasmid. The multidrug resistance was primarily mediated by a novel IncHI2-IncHI2A plasmid harboring 18 resistance genes, including mcr-1, in contrast to only five resistance genes and one resistance-associated mutation detected on the chromosome. These findings underscore the need for enhanced surveillance of this pathogen.

摘要： Following publication of the original article it was reported that there was an error in Robin Urquhart’s name in the authorship list. The incorrect name was: Robin Ufcrquhart The correct name is: Robin Urquhart The original article [1] has been updated.

摘要： Retraction: Cell & Bioscience (2021) 11:63https://***/10.1186/s13578-021-00575-8 The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article. Following the publication, multiple concerns regarding western blots, flow cytometry data and microscopy images presented in Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5 and 7, and 8 have been raised with previously published articles [1, 2]. The authors stated that a third party was involved in performing the experiments and providing the data. The Editor-in-Chief therefore has lost confidence in the integrity of data presented in this article. None of the authors has responded to any correspondence regarding this retraction wording.

关键词： Electrodialysis   Ionic liquids recovery   Desalination   Ion-exchange membranes characteristics   FTIR-ATR spectroscopy   X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy  

摘要： The increased use of ionic liquids (ILs) in many industries in recent years has made the development of methods for recovering them from aqueous solutions and wastewater extremely important. This study investigates the application of electrodialysis for the recovery of 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium chloride ([Omim]Cl, IL) from aqueous solutions. The effects of the initial IL concentration, applied voltage, linear flow velocity, and ion-exchange membranes were examined to identify the conditions that lead to the effective recovery of IL and by the proposed method, with no degradative by-products in the concentrate solution. Based on the investigated conditions, the most favorable electrodialysis conditions were determined: an initial IL concentration of 0.2 mol/L, an applied potential of 10 V (2 V per membrane pair), and a linear flow velocity of 2 cm/s. Under these conditions, the [Omim]Cl recovery reached 86% along with an IL concentration factor of 2 at a minimum direct current consumption of 16.6 kWh/m³. It was observed that the tested ion-exchange membranes, after five cycles of electrodialysis, exhibit good stability, and ¹H NMR analysis confirmed the absence of IL degradation products in the concentrate solution.

关键词： Case report   Childhood ischemic stroke   Gait analysis   Inertial measurement unit   Longitudinal assessment   Postural balance   Rehabilitation  

摘要： Background: Young-onset ischemic stroke may lead to persistent motor impairment, despite favorable survival outcomes. However, a detailed longitudinal characterization of gait and balance recovery in young patients remains limited. Instrumented assessments using inertial measurement units and force platforms may provide objective insights into the temporal patterns of functional recovery. Case presentation: We report the case of a previously healthy 11-year-old Japanese girl who developed left hemiparesis due to an ischemic stroke associated with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. Gait and balance were assessed longitudinally at 1, 2, 6, 9, and 12 months after onset, using instrumented analysis. Gait stability was quantified using the root mean square (RMS) of trunk acceleration, symmetry using the Lissajous index (LI), and rhythmicity using stride-to-stride time variability (STV). Balance was evaluated using the index of postural stability (IPS). The RMS and IPS improved markedly within the first 6 months, followed by more gradual changes. Gait symmetry continued to improve for up to 9 months. The STV showed a transient increase during early recovery and decreased after 12 months. Lower limb motor function improved from Brunnstrom stage II to stage V during the subacute phase, with corresponding gains in the Fugl–Meyer lower extremity scores. Conclusions: This case suggests that the recovery of gait stability, symmetry, and rhythmicity after childhood ischemic stroke may follow partially distinct temporal patterns during the first year. Longitudinal instrumented assessments may support stage-specific rehabilitation planning. Further studies are warranted to determine whether similar recovery patterns are consistently observed in larger cohorts.

摘要： Following publication of the original article [1], the author reported that the captions for Figures 4 and 5 were swapped. The original article has been updated.

关键词： Perovskite solar cell   Dual-functional additive   1-Adamantanethiol (ADSH)   Defect passivation   Moisture resistance  

摘要： Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) feature the superiority of low-cost and convenient fabrication. Yet it is still a challenge to solve the malady of defect passivation and environmental stability of PSC devices. Functional additives were introduced during the crystallization and film formation of perovskite, and it has become a promising route to improve the efficiency and stability of PSC devices. Here, we introduce a dual-functional additive, 1-adamantanethiol (ADSH), into the perovskite film. In ADSH, the sulfur-containing thiol group functions as a Lewis base, coordinating the under-coordinated Pb²⁺ ions, also the rigid and hydrophobic adamantane framework can be regarded as a barrier against moisture ingress. The characterization shows that by using ADSH additive, the perovskite film was improved. Finally, the ADSH-modified device scored a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.31%, and stably operated over 800 h.

关键词： Alkali treatment   Structural changes   Metal doping   Oxidation of 1-octanol  

摘要：

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  Alkali-treated Pt-Bi/HP13X achieves high catalytic activity and acid selectivity for the oxidation of 1-octanol.
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  Without alkali-treated Pt-Bi/13X achieves high catalytic activity and aldehyde selectivity.
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  Hierarchical pores, high metal dispersion, and SMSI enhance catalytic activity.
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  Lewis acid strength and metal nanoparticle size govern product selectivity.
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  Provides valuable ideas for industrial application of zeolite catalysts.